The term winter kill refers to a serious disease problem affecting pond-reared channel catfish during the late fall, winter, and early spring. fish loses can be high and all sizes of fish can be affected. the cause and pathogenesis of winter kill is largely unknown. it is believed that it is caused… More

Protein is the most expensive component comprising a catfish feed; thus, a reduction in feed cost can most likely be achieved by either reducing the concentration of dietary protein, by using less expensive plant proteins, or by a combination of these factors. Feedstuffs of animal origin are… More

The issue of organic and inorganic wastes from aquaculture production have received considerable attention in recent years due to the negative effects these wastes may have on the culture systems and on receiving waters. The primary origin of these waste comes from the feed. Wastes from… More