Hydrogen negative ions must be ionized with high efficiency for injection into proton accelerators, such as those used at DOE facilities. To achieve this ionization, neutral atoms are first prepared by laser excitation in a relatively low-strength magnetic field, which requires megawatt peak… More

Prior to injection into a proton accelerator, GeV energy Hydrogen negative ions must be ionized with good efficiency. Presently used carbon foil strippers become radioactive and produce uncontrolled beam loss which limits the performance of high intensity proton sources. Laser assisted stripping… More

Frequency stabilized lasers are essential subsystems; as flywheel oscillators in optical atomic clocks, as well as in many sensing and measurement systems. In optical atomic clocks, Allan Deviations<10^-15 at 1 s are needed if the readout of the atomic ensemble is to be limited by projection… More

We construct a frequency stabilized laser which will generate 10 GHz microwaves with Phase noise -100 dBC/Hz at 1 Hz, or equivalently, an optical frequency with an Allan Deviation of 8e-16 and a drift rate of<1 Hz/s. This is achieved with a silicon reference cavity (for short-term stability)… More