Development of a basic manufacturing process to fabricate v-zr-hf laves phase (c15) superconductor is examined with scale-up to commercial quantities. superconductors based upon a v-zr-hf system offer equal to superior properties to to the nb3sn conductors currently used in high field super-… More

Future accelerators constructed for the high energy physics program will be very large; the proposed superconducting super collider (ssc) will have a circumference between 90 and 140 km. the size and complexity of these large machines can be reduced if higher magnetic field and higher critical… More

Developing conductors with greater current density at higher magnetic fields than commercial super- conductors such as ncti and nb3sn is desirable for advanced fusion devices such as mirror machines. the development of nb3al conductors fabricated using the powder process offers the potential to… More

If the nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) imaging of biological systems were improved, it could provide a capability for nmr microscopy. with nmr microscopy, it would be possible to examine individual cells and to explore the structural and functional differences between normal and abnormal cells for… More

High energy physics particle accelerators, such as the the planned superconducting super collider (ssc),may require aluminum-stabilized superconductors for increased cryogenic stability, lighter weight, and improved radiation transparency. the current technology for producing aluminum-clad… More

Critical current densities (jc) as high as 3500 a/mm2 at 5 tesla have been demonstrated in experimental nbti superconductor samples. in practical multifilamentary nbti/cu superconductors, however, this high jc has not been achieved so far due to filament instability. the instability leading to… More

Magnetic fusion requires the development of low cost, high field superconductors such as niobium tin foruse in the poloidal and toroidal field coils. the poloidal superconductor is required to have low electrical loss during the ohmic heating pulses. the "internal tin" processfor niobium tin… More

Monitoring the internal environment of biochemical reaction vessels is crucial to optimizing the performance of existingbioreactors which, in turn, can aid in the design and evaluation of future bioreactors. this project proposes to non-invasively monitor fluid flow and oxygen distributionin hollow… More

The objective of this study is to non-invasively examine in-vivo cerebral carbohydrate metabolism by c-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr). the purpose of this work is to develop instrumentation for c-13 nmr spectroscopy of humans to pursue fundamental research on brain biochemical disorders such as… More

A program is proposed to develop a very low cost magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscope instrument, suitable for imaging animals, organs and other small samples. the study will focus on two applications: pathology laboratory tests of fluid or tissue samples and medical diagnostics of human… More

Rapid development and progress have been achieved in recent years on superconducting materials that have allowed magnet designers to consider magnets for fields up to 20 t. as themagnetic field or the operating current increases, however, so do the electromagnetic stresses experienced by the… More

The recent announcement of superconductors with critical temperature above liquid nitrogen is expected to greatly expand the potential applications for superconductors. to be technically and commercially useful for power applications, these materials will have to be incorporated into wire or tape… More

Electron spin resonance (esr) is a very powerful technique for studying material properties. usually the technique is applied to homogeneous materials. recently, imaging methodsderived from nuclear magnetic resonance have been used to obtain esr images of heterogeneous materials. the development of… More

Multifilamentary superconductors with very fine nbti filament diameters ranging from 5 to 9 microns have been manufactured successfully in production quantities for accelerator magnet applications. these conductors have high current density (3,000 a/mm(2) at 5 t and 1,250 a/mm(2)at 8 t), low… More

The present internal tin method of manufacturing nb3sn conductors has advanced significantly over the past six years. with unalloyed nb3sn, critical current density (jc) of over 1,400 a/mm(2) at 10 t and long wire lengths have been reproducibly demonstrated. with 1.2 wt% ti added to nb, the high… More

The quasi-optical gyrotron, an alternative to the more conventional microwave cavity gyrotron, may have advantages in achieving the performance levels of frequency and power identified for future plasma heating applications. the sheet beam gun required for the high power quasi-optical gyrotron is… More

Scoping studies indicate that a new igc physical separation process can be modified to economically produce a low ash, low sulfur fuel oil substitute from the 28 mesh x 0 refuse stream typical of many coal cleaning plants. the process operates on the refuse as-is, typically a thickener underflow,… More

The aim of the proposed work is to modify the "internal tin"process to provide an economical, high jc, nb3sn material with low losses in pulsed field applications. it will be manufactured in the united states to compete with the overseas suppliers of bronze processed material which has a higher cost… More

As result of a development program carried out over a period of many years, igc/asi has been able to produce "internal tin" material in long piece lengths with filamentsof a variety of different compositions. however, a lack of confidence in the ability of nb3sn to perform reliably in a range of… More

This work is designed to carry out a comprehensive investigation of multifilamentary materials containing niobium-titanium-tantalum (nbtita) alloys to determine the advantages that these materials offer over those containing nbti binary alloys in 1.8 k and 4.2 k operation. the phase i work… More

In the last six or seven years, very significant increases have been achieved in the critical current densities (jcs) in both monofilamentary and multifilamentary niobium (nb)-46.5 wt.% titanium (ti). several questions are frequently raised that remain unanswered. these questions include the… More

Recently, the successful development of a (nbta)3sn (niobium-tantalum-tin) material has been confirmed by demonstrating its use in a 20.4 t model magnet for a 900 mhz spectrometer. the material was produced in long piecelengths. a similar conductor design that used (nbti)3sn (niobium-titanium-tin)… More

It has been suggested recently that a thick interfilament barrier is required in conductors for the superconducting super collider (ssc) because the filaments are relatively fine and because lengthy, high temperature heat treatments are used to achieve the highest critical current densities (jcs).… More

Artificial pinning structures promise dramatically increased critical current densities in superconductors. fabrication and testing for low critical temperature (tc) materials is relatively free of complications, and the technological and economic impact is large and immediate. this project could… More

Phase I work wil focus on developing a stabilizer which surrounds the high temperature superconductor, with improved mechanical strength. To date, silver (Ag) has been the preferred stabilizer because it allows oxygen to easily penetrate during heat treatments and does not adversely react with the… More

Artificial pinning structures promise dramatically increased critical current densities in superconductors. wepropose: (1) construction and test of composite conductors to complete the database and (2) use of this database for the testing of existing pinning theories, expanding on them as necessary… More

High temperature 2212 and 2223 bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide (bscco) superconductors have been fabricated in practical conductor form and have demonstrated outstanding potential for low temperature (4 to 20 k) operation for device applications. preliminary monocore tape designs have already… More

The drive toward developing higher field magnets for such applications as particle accelerators and fusion energy machines is limited primarily by the lack of conductor material capable of carrying high current densities at high field. existing magnets with the highest peak fields use a15 compound… More

Ductile niobium titanium (nbti) alloy continues to be the choice material for most of the large scale superconductivity devices. the present processing technology for nbti superconductors involves working the composite in several stages with intermediate heat treatments to successively increase the… More

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has emerged as an extremely important diagnostic imaging modality. Partly as a result of cost-containment pressures, there has been a trend towards less expensive lower-field MR systems which have an inherently lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), manifested in lower… More

Magnetic levitation (maglev) transportation systems depend on magnets of intense flux densitites for propulsion, levitation and guidance. there are some concerns regarding possible physiological, levitation and guidance. there are some concerns regarding possible physiological damage to human beings… More

It has been reported that, when a tin bronze containing a small percentage of germanium is used to replace the normal tin bronze as the matrix in the bronze process for the manufacture of niobium-tin (nb3sn), the critical current (jc) is increased by a factor of ten in the field range 8 to 16 t.… More

Our goal is to apply superconducting joints, developed in Phase I, to compact a less expensivehigh field NMR magnets in the (1)H frequency range 750-1000MHz with inner sections constructed froma new internal tin Nb(3)Sn conductor. Advances in NMR application, particularly high resolution solutionNMR… More

The primary objective of this project is the development of high temperature superconducting (hts) coil technology sutiable to produce at least one tesla (t) at pumped liquid nitrogen temperatures. the phase i project will continue to develop a new approach for increasing the performance of hts… More

The aim of this work is to explore further the properties of niobium titanium (nbti) strands with matrices containing silicon (si) for high energy physics applications. there are indications that the addition of si to the matrix will help eliminate the nb barrier, improve the critical current (jc),… More

The significance of engineered artificial pinning centers (apc) in niobium-titanium (nbti) superconductors has been recognized world wide and today is one the most important areas of materials research in applied superconductivity. so far this approach has yielded record high critical currents (jc)… More

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an extremely powerful analytical technique used routinely in biology, chemistry, medicine, physics, and materials science. Sensitivity and spectral resolution increase with increasing strength of the spectrometer's magnetic field, thereby, enabling… More

It is proposed to develop and utilize coils made of high temperature superconducting (HTS) conductor for the purpose of providing magnetic damping for ground- and space-based directional solidification and crystal growth equipment. This innovative use of HTS coils to magnetic damping technology will… More

High critical current densities (jc) and low ac losses are being achieved in nb3sn as a result of design and/or process innovations that came about over the last decade. the so-called internal tin approach which has been the choice of us industry, has emerged in many forms; each with a novelty to… More

In recent years several investigations have been carried out on niobium titanium tantalum (nbtita) ternary alloys, and the critical current (jc) results have not been sufficiently superior to the binary alloy at either 4.2 k or 1.8 k to warrant large scale development. recent work, however has… More

The aim of this work is to further improve the properties of internal-tin niobium-tin (nb3sn) strands for fusion applications. a conductor has been developed which meets all the hp-1 international thermonuclear experimental reactor (iter) specifications. in this project losses will be further… More

Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) offers many advantages for utility applications. The only commercially available SMES products are for less than 3 MJ applications. In the future, larger SMES products will be used to service many applications, such as a large industrial park or a… More