There is a need for small, lightweight, high brightness laser sources for deep space optical communications between spacecraft and near earth orbit satellites. because of stringent power and volume limitation in these deep space probes, the semiconductor laser is the only viable candidateas a laser… More

The need for continuously tunable laser sources for several space applications is well reconized. however, to date no such source exists that can be expected to be space qualified in the near future. this project involves investigation of the potential of an all solid state tunable laser system… More

Solid state tunable laser sources are receiving increased attention recently because of the wide variety of applications that they could open up in both government and industry. the present day dye laser systems have serious shortcomings. this is another reason why the solid state vibronic lasers… More

Pancreatic carcinoma now ranks as the fourth most common cause of cancer death in man. at this time, it is extremelydifficult to diagnose until it is at an advanced state, resulting in a dismal 5-year survival rate of 2 percent. therefore, a method to diagnose pancreatic cancer at an early stage… More

Lasers are being applied to a growing number of surgical procedures because they can reduce trauma, promote more rapid healing, reduce operating time, conserve anesthesia, and reduce hospitalization time and cost. surgeons currently must utilize multiple laser systems, each of whichhas limited… More

A serious threat exists to oru armed forces from various infrared sensors mounted on a variety of military platforms. the spectral ranges of the sensors are in the 3-5 and 8-12 micron bands. the primary threat has been in the 3-5 micron band. there is a critical need to develop an ir source to… More

One of the most important electro-optic crystals is lithium niobate. it is presently being used for electro-optic q-switches, harmonic generators, acousto-optic devices, transducers, modulators, optical parametric oscillators and amplifiers, optical storage devices and optical bistable devices. the… More

Ground operations instrumentation for rocket engines will require sophisticated sensing devices for measuring pressureand temperature on a continuous basis in an extremely harsh environment. new concepts in sensor design will have to be developed to measure these key parameters under launch and… More

To optimize system efficiency, advanced fossil energy systems will require highly sensitive devices for measuring temperature in real time under operating conditions. to make accurate temperature measurements in the extreme environments of fossil energy systems, new concepts in sensor design will… More

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy often requires sophisticated posterior segment surgery. closed system parsplana vitrectomy, retinal membrane stripping, fluid-air exchange, open-sky vitrectomy, and photocoagulation have been suggested as approaches to its management. removal of the gellike vitreous… More

Composite materials for components of advanced aerospace power and propulsion systems offer performance, weight and cost advantages over competing materials. increasing demands on the strength and temperature tolerance for these materials will require innovative approaches in composition and… More

As optical instruments become more widely used it becomes necessary to make these instruments smaller and more compact, lighter in weight and more efficient. the most compact tunable solid state laser source of good beam quality would be a semiconductor laser pumpled crystal fiber laser. to develop… More

Advanced wind tunnel instrumentation will require highly sensitive devices for measuring temperatures in the range of1800 degrees centigrade to 3000 degrees centigrade. in order to make accurate temperature measurements in this extreme environment, new concepts in sensor design will have to be… More

High temperature superconductivity has very recently become the subject of intense scientific investigation. present materials are prepared by sintering the oxide powder components and pressing into pellets. this results in a microcrystalline structure that has many disadvantages. thecontact between… More

Extremely harsh environments exist in underwater explosives research and testing. in order to monitor key physical parameters in these environments, it will be necessary to develop new concepts in sensor design to measure such things as temperature and acoustic pressure. present day sensors will not… More

A serious threat exists to our armed forces from various infrared sensors mounted on a variety of military platforms. the spectral ranges of the sensors are in the 3-5 and 8-12 micron bands. the primary threat has been in the 3-5 micron band. there is a critical need to develop an ir source to… More

Accurate real-time monitoring of strain forces in hypervelocity vehicles under operating conditions will require new concepts in sensor design. fiber optic sensors offer possible solutions but present day fibers of glass or silica will not tolerate the extreme temperatures experienced in these… More

Scintillation detectors have been, and are continuing to be,instrumental in the discovery of new findings in many fieldsincluding nuclear physics, high energy physics, astrophysics, solid state physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and earth sciences. the most efficient scintillating materials have… More

Many present day and future applications require an efficient lightweight compact coherent radiation source withhigh beam quality and high output power. the purpose of this proposal is to investigate the performance of a neodymium stoichiometric material, nab, which has a nd(3+) concentration 40… More

Single crystal fibers will have widespread applications in such areas as composite materials, medicine, fiber optic sensors, and superconductivity. several techniques have been used to manufacture single crystal fibers. however, fibers manufactured by these techniques either have low optical… More

High temperature superconductivity has recently become the subject of intense scientific investigation. present materials are prepared by sintering the oxide powder components and pressing into pellets. this results in a micro-crystalline structure that has many disadvantages. the contact between… More

Scintillation detectors are needed for the detection of nuclear radiation for nuclear physics research. the most efficient scintillation materials have been the inorganic crystal scintillators. nal (t1) has been the most widely used material and has led to many important discoveries and… More

Scintillation detectors have been and are continuing to be instrumental in the making of new discoveries in many fieldssuch as nuclear physics, high energy physics, astrophysics, solid state physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and earthsciences. the most efficient scintillation materials have… More

Composite materials for advanced components offer performance, weight, and cost advantages over competing materials. increasing demands on the strength and temperature tolerance for these materials will require innovative approaches in composition and fabrication. composite materials composed of… More

There is an important need for compact, lightweight, efficient laser systems that are tunable. in order for these laser systems to achieve the beam quality and the small size and weight required, they must be solid state systems. the most efficient source for pumping these systems is the diode laser… More

Extremely harsh environments exist in explosives testing. in order to monitor key physical parameters in these environments, it will be necessary to develop new concepts in sensor design to measure such things as temperature and pressure. present day sensors will not operate reliably in this… More

Ceramic composite materials for military systems offer performance, weight and cost advantages over competing materials. increasing demands on the strength and temperature tolerance for these materials will require innovative approaches in composition and fabrication. composite materials composed of… More

Accurate real-time monitoring of temperature and strain in turbine engine components under operating conditions will require new concepts in sensor design. available sensor devices will not perform in these environments. fiber optic sensors offer a possible solution but available fibers of glass or… More

Solid state minilaser sources are receiving increased attention because of the wide variety of space applications they could open up. LaserGenics will investigate the self-frequency-doubling crystal NYAB. This material could lead to a compact high power green laser that could be ideal for… More

LaserGenic's research addresses the need for materials for optical storage of information that solve limitations presently found in bulk photorefractive crystals. The structure of a monocrystal fiber increases the amount of information that can be stored by means of channeling the radiation along… More

Very light sensors having a fast response time are required for making direct, nonintrusive measurements in a propulsion system environment. In order to monitor key physical parameters in this environment, it will be necessary to develop new concepts in sensor design to measure such things as… More

An compact medium power (>IO W), quasi-cw diode pumped solid state laser is proposed capable of emitting radiation at 4 pm and/or other wavelengths in the 3-to-5 gm band with high beam quality. The laser system takes advantage of wavelengths available with cascade processes under resonant pumping… More

We are thus proposing a Phase I program to study the feasibility of an amplifier consisting of single crystal fibers of Nd:YALO, which we believe can exceed the low noise requirements set for this program. To identify optimal compostition gain media and determine feasibility of implementing… More

Very light sensors having a fast response time are required for making direct, non-intrusive measurements in a jet engine system environment for precise control. In order to monitor key physical parameters in this environment, it will be necessary to develop new concepts in sensor design to measure… More

Nd:YAG has been the laser of choice for many of the laser systems utilizing solid state lasers. However, this laser has many shortcomings, particularly for laser diode pumping that makes these systems both inefficient and large. Yb:YVO4 and YbVO4 have many features that makes them much more… More

Low scattering single crystal optical storage media are required for high-capacity (Tbit/cm3), high transfer rate (Gbitlsec) and sub-msec acces time holographic optical memories with low bit error rates (BER). The conventional (congruent) LiNbO3 is the most widely used holographic storage medium. It… More

High performance transducers are not presently available using today's ceramic piezoelectric materials. The lead based complex oxides and their possible solid-solution systems have large dielectric constants, large piezoelectric strain coefficients and high longitudinal coupling constants. But these… More

An efficient blue laser concept is proposed based on two-photon upconversion of diode laser near-IR radiation into the blue in a doped-crystal fiber. The upconversion process offers certain performance advantages not readily realized from a system containing nonlinear elements, such as resistance… More

There is a great deal of interest in the development of new laser materials. We propose to introduce a new powerful technique, combinatorial synthesis, to investigate new laser materials with multidopants. Two independent variables, the dopants and their concentrations, are deposited in a… More

Not Available Investigate the use of Cyc(R) large common sense knowledge base technology to improve the precision and accuaracy of web search assistants. Keyword- and synonym-based web searchers are limited in their ability to locate and integrate relevant documents, as they rely on statistical… More

Not Available Electrodynamic conductive tethers combined with electrical power sources have the potential to provide propellant-less reboost or deorbit forces to spacecraft in low Earth orbit. Tether performance is limited by heating, which decreases strength and incr

Very light sensors having a fast response time are required for making direct, non-intrusive measurements in a rocket or jet engine environment for precise control. In order to monitor key physical parameters in this environment, it will be necessary to develop new concepts in sensor design to… More

There is an important need for high power, compact laser sources. Recently over 100 Watts has been demonstrated from a glass fiber laser. Two advances that have made this possible are the availability of high power diode lasers used as pumps anddouble-claddingof the fibers. For several reasons… More

The objective of our proposed program is to demonstrate a high power single crystal fiber laser of Tm, Ho:YAG at 2 microns, an eye-safe wavelength, that can be used to power satellites. This system would be very efficient, light in weight and quite small in size. The efficiency and size of the laser… More

There is an important need for compact, light weight, short pulse laser sources for LIDAR applications. Recently, over 100 Watts of output power has been demonstrated from a glass fiber laser. Two advances have made this possible. These are the availability of high power diode lasers for pumping and… More