70206T02-II The wind turbine industry will require advanced blade materials and designs to achieve the DOE goal of 3.0¿/kWh cost of energy at Class 4 sites. The use of hybrid carbon/glass composite materials offers the potential for significant savings in blade weight. In addition, twist-bend… More

Current gallium nitride epitaxial growth systems suffer from low atomic nitrogen flux density, yielding materials having high intrinsic conduction due to nitrogen deficiencies or defects. A number of atomic nitrogen sources exist for MBE epitaxial growthof gallium nitride but the flux density is… More

Nanohmics, LLC proposes to develop a compact fluorescence particle counter, biological aerosol detection system. The prototype instrument will combine fluorescence discrimination with aerosol counting techniques to provide a reliable warning of potential increase in biological particles inside… More

New developments in micro miniaturized systems have enabled very efficient cooling systems. The key figure of merit for these devices is the specific capacity which is defined as the ratio of the heat dissipation capacity vs. the overall mass of the dissipating device. In the case of… More

A nanoassembly process for constructing ultrahigh volumetric energy density PEM fuel cell stacks is proposed. The method does not require vapor deposition techniques, bulk sintering or post-loading treatments of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The method enables ultimate control of two key… More

Silicon continues to be the material of choice for most microelectronic applications. Unfortunately, silicon is not a good material for high efficiency near IR photo-emission or detection because it has an indirect bandgap. Recently, studies of b-FeSi2have shown that it can be grown into silicon… More

Wide bandgap semiconductors highly doped with optically active ions are a promising system upon which to base a new class of solid state lasers and optical devices. Due to their ruggedness, wide bandgap and high thermal conductivity, these devices canoperate at higher power densities and shorter… More

Amorphous wide bandgap semiconductors are a promising system upon which to base optical coatings. Due to their ruggedness, excellent adhesion, smoothness and the ability to tailor the thermal expansion coefficient and index of refraction by changing thegroup III material, these materials should… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Nanohmics has developed a platform for decoding signatures of biochemical library compounds from randomly ordered arrays. The approach uses a novel holographic imaging technique to identify positive reactions with any compounds during a single image acquisition… More

There is a need for a rapid, inexpensive technique to monitor bioaerosol loading in a manned space environment in order to insure the safety and health of the occupants. Condensate traps from air conditioners and heating and cooling ducts in spacecraft provide particularly efficient means for… More

In this SBIR program, Nanohmics is developing an ultrahigh efficiency MicroElectroMechanical System (MEMS) cryogenic cooling system. The cryocooler is based on a Stirling Engine that is operating in reverse mode (mechanical-to-thermal) transduction. These devices show particular promise as MEMS… More

Nanohmics proposes to develop a compact, efficient, high luminous intensity strobe light that emits in the 520 to 550 nm spectral range using gallium nitride (GaN) emitters. The design will be developed around an array of GaN surface mount chips for a 180 degree illumination pattern of light… More

Chemical oxygen-iodine lasers (COIL) are being developed for use in several MDA mission areas, in part due to their favorable operating wavelength, relatively high chemical efficiency, and their ability to be scaled to high beam powers. Unfortunately, the reagents and fluid-handling equipment… More

72323- The exploration of certain regimes of high energy physics will require the development of photocathodes with emitted electron spin-polarizations above 90%. Emitted electron spin-polarizations approaching 90% have been achieved, but at the expense of quantum yield. Because natural… More

Nanohmics and Mr. Jerry Plaszoweiki of Sierra Skyware will team to provide the military with an extremely flexible system aimed at providing the military parachutist with immediate updates relating to current conditions and possible drop zone alternatives. The system is based on a ruggedized PDA… More

Compact, solid-state thermoelectric devices are now widely used for both cooling and power generation. These highly reliable devices have no moving parts, operate around room temperature, and are easily integrated into thermal systems. Despite these advantages, engineering applications have been… More

In this SBIR program Nanohmics propose to fabricate high breakdown strength flexible dielectrics films for use in high voltage capacitors from sputter deposited amorphous oxides. Previous work at Nanohmics has demonstrated a room temperature sputtering technique to deposit exceedingly high quality… More

Nanohmics is developing a light emitting diode (LED) based strobe light system that emits intense light at 365 (lens fluorescence) or 520 to 550 nm light (eye sensitive) wavelengths to distract or disorient potential adversaries. This device is being developed as an alternative to a Stun Grenade… More

The rapid detection and identification of biological pathogens (biothreat agents, infectious diseases) is of paramount importance for our nation?s defense and well being. The vast majority of biological pathogen analysis utilizes immunological binding affinity to pathogen targets as the means for… More

Solar panels and bio-optical sensors play a significant role in a number of applications that are of importance to NOAA. Many of these instruments require a high transmission of radiation into the device for it to work properly. Typically, these devices have a coverglass affixed over the active… More

Compact, high volumetric energy density, pulse-power capacitors are an enabling technology for future DoD weapon systems. These capacitors will be used in pulse forming networks (PFNs) for the conversion of prime electrical energy into short pulses needed for directed energy and kinetic energy… More

Solar cells are typically protected from the environment by a coverglass that has good light transmission properties in the response region of the solar cell. Newer generations of multilayer solar cells are extending the response region from the UV into the infrared portion of the spectrum to… More

The Advanced Tactical Laser (ATL) is being developed for precision strike missions utilizing a directed-energy laser weapon mounted to or in an aircraft to engage ground or airborne targets. When there is some uncertainty about the visual identification of targets, the coherent radiation from the… More

Compact, low-cost laser warning systems are in high demand for military and other commercial avionics platforms. This looming threat has recently gained national attention with reports of laser cockpit breaches in commercial aircraft over the past few months. Present laser warning systems (LWS)… More

Ceramic barrels have found little application as their extreme hardness make them quite brittle and difficult to machine. Grinding and diamond machining have found some success but both yield very low material removal rates and can induce defects. To address this problem Nanohmics Inc. and Dr. Y. C.… More

Autonomous and semi-autonomous robotic systems require information about their surroundings in order to navigate properly. A video camera machine vision system can supply position information of external objects, but no range information. Ideally, a system that, in one package, provides… More

Military parachuting operations require complex planning with the integration of a wide range of data. In essence what is needed is a device that can incorporate GPS data, map data and meteorological data along with parachute/free fall performance specifications to provide the user with an immediate… More

During a successful Phase I feasibility study, Nanohmics¿ scientists were able to incorporate environmentally-friendly algaecides into hard, optical quality polymers for use as coverglass materials. These transparent coverglass materials stopped all marine algae growth on the glass for well over a… More

The Advanced Tactical Laser is being developed as an platform for high-precision strike missions utilizing a laser weapon mounted to a tactical aircraft. Boresighted cameras provide the system with high-resolution imagery for the identification and discrimination of targets of interest. The ATL… More

Compact, low-cost laser warning systems are in high demand for military, commercial, and battlespace platforms as lasers become more prevalent in tactical weapon systems. Present laser warning systems (LWS) are bulky when all features are integrated as a complete laser profiling analysis system.… More

As a last resort, self-destruct technologies must be employed to protect sensitive electronic data. Squib-induced pyrotechnics and low energy electro-explosives that provide a controlled explosive force can be effective in the destruction of the silicon microchip. However, explosives and chemical… More

Nanohmics proposes to develop a handheld blood analyzer for micro- and hypo-gravity missions. The prototype instrument will combine impedance analysis with optical spectroscopy techniques to provide a reliable means of performing a complete blood count (CBC) using microliters of sample. An… More

Infrared imaging devices (like night-vision goggles), rely on solid-state coolers to cool and stabilize the temperature of the optical detectors in these systems. Primarily, this cooling is performed by thermoelectric (TE) devices. These highly reliable devices have no moving parts, operate around… More

Autonomous and semi-autonomous robotic systems require information about their surroundings in order to navigate properly. A video camera machine vision system can supply position information of external objects, but no range information. Ideally, a system that, in one package, provides… More

Recent innovations in noncrystalline solar cells are beginning to emerge as viable replacements to traditional CVD grown single crystal counterparts in applications that demand high specific power, low product cost ($/sq.ft.) and ultimately scalable unit energy cost ($/W). Future NASA missions stand… More

In collaboration with Dr. Y. Shin of Purdue University Nanohmics Inc. proposes to develop picosecond laser drilling technology for SiC continuous fiber ceramic matrix composites (CMC). The application of this new technology will significantly reduce the cost of machining CMC components for new… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Nanohmics, Inc. and Ambion, Inc. working in consortium with Dr. Susan Kauzlarich at the University of California Davis and Dr. Lynn Loo at the University of Texas at Austin propose to develop a Nanocomposite Organic Field-Effect Transistor (NanOFET) multiplex… More

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I research will lead to a novel disposable microarray device that combines solid-surface oligonucleotide synthesis with a CMOS imaging sensor. Since this technique involves direct coupling between fluorophore/emitter and the detector instead of an… More

An advanced, easy-to-use, passive personal insect repellent device is greatly needed for both military and general public use. While existing insect repellents and insecticides provide excellent protection against a variety of annoying and potentially deadly insects, most of the repellents are… More

Ceramics materials have great potential in a wide variety of applications but their use is often limited by the associated high cost of machining. To alleviate this Nanohmics Inc. and Dr. Y. C. Shin of Purdue University propose to apply the recently developed technique of laser assisted machining… More

Nanohmics proposes to design an electro-optical imaging device capable of determining the range to individual objects in a scene without the use of active emitters or multiple apertures. The novel, automated, handheld imaging system is based on a plenoptic camera design, and will be simple to use,… More

Evolving commercial and military requirements for high-frequency power amplification are driving the demand for modern vacuum electronics devices. The explosion of wideband RF communications, space-based communication, and geolocation, as well as advanced military radars and directed energy… More

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II research project aims to further develop a microfluidic device for the detection of nucleic acids for a variety of studies where genetic analysis and identification of target sequences are required. The instrument proposed is designed to be… More

Next generation space telescopes require advanced optical coatings to provide low loss transmission of light in a variety of spectral ranges and protect optical components from damage in a space environment. In this SBIR program Nanohmics proposes to examine uses of amorphous nitrides and oxides as… More

Metal matrix composites (MMC's) are of great interest in aerospace applications where their high specific strength provides a weight saving alternative to standard materials. To date however their use has been limited by the difficulty in fabricating complex shapes. Most current methods for… More

The threat of attack from within obscuring foliage is a very real threat to U.S. riverine craft or other marine operations close to shore. Generally, this asymmetric situation allows opposing forces to hide undetected within or behind bushes and trees until an opportune moment for attack. On the… More

Energetic polymers find use in a myriad of military and commercial applications. Among the most commonly used formulations are the nitrate esters, which have reasonably high energy densities. However, the inherent instability of nitrate esters requires formulations to include stabilizers. … More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Compact, low-cost digital imaging systems that combine the benefits of high spatial and spectral resolution are in demand for bioanalytical analyses such as in situ hybridization (ISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridiz ation (FISH) karyotyping, tissue and… More

The production of long life, light weight, high-volumetric-energy-density, high-voltage bus capacitors, which are stable at temperatures over 250oC, would enable the electrical systems of electric vehicles to operate at a higher temperature, making them ready for next generation SiC based… More

Traditional means of searching a wide angular field for a threat or unknown object involves scanning a narrow field of view optical system or building a system with heavy wide-field-of-view optics. Neither method is optimum for an on-orbit system, as there are severe weight, reliability, complexity,… More

Compact, solid-state thermoelectric devices provide many advantages in refrigeration and power generation. These highly reliable devices have no moving parts, operate over a large range of temperatures, do not emit toxic/environmentally unfriendly gases and are easily integrated into thermal… More

The field of electromagnetic metamaterials has been rapidly developing in recent years, promising to deliver new composite materials with exotic electromagnetic properties generally unattainable in nature. The resulting wide-angle, ultra-thin absorber is highly desirable for various technological… More

Detection of Nuclear/Biological/Chemical (NBC) threats is becoming increasingly important in todays world of asymmetric enemies. This growing threat requires new techniques and technologies for detection of agents by individuals while wearing their protective gear. Todays methods for detection of… More

Autonomous and semi-autonomous robotic systems require information about their surroundings in order to navigate properly. A video camera machine vision system can supply position information of external objects, but no range information. Ideally, a system that, in one package, provides… More

Next-generation space telescopes require advanced optical coatings to provide low-loss polarization-preserving transmission/reflection of light in a variety of spectral ranges. These coatings also need to protect optical components as well as the coatings themselves, from damage in a space… More

Evolving commercial and military requirements for high-frequency power amplification are driving the demand for modern vacuum electronics devices. The explosion of wideband RF communications, space-based communication, and geolocation, as well as advanced military radars and directed energy sources,… More

NASA space exploration missions stand to benefit from reliable means to conserve energy that is otherwise given off as waste heat. Thermoelectric generators have demonstrated the potential for scavenging waste heat energy, yet are still limited by technical and geometrical boundaries that must be… More

Presently the Marines use a wide range of handheld, head mounted, and weapons-mountable optical systems. These devices serve many functions; from visible and night vision imaging to target designation and ranging. Optical rangefinders employed by the Marines mostly utilize active laser sources.… More

Threat of attack from within obscuring foliage is a very real threat to U.S. riverine craft or other marine operations close to shore. Generally, this asymmetric situation allows opposing forces to hide undetected within or behind bushes and trees until an opportune moment for attack. On the other… More

Commercial gas sensors employ a number of different transduction mechanisms depending on the nature and reactivity of the gas and include systems based on optical, electrical and mass detection. Recent advances in gas sensor technology have provided even more sensitivity and are poised to increase… More

Multispectral zinc sulfide (ZnS) because of its good visible and near infrared transmission as well as the 3-5 micron and, more importantly, the 8-12 micron range along with its good thermal shock resistance is one of a number of materials used as infrared windows. The window serves to protect the… More

Nanohmics proposes to design a nanowire-based FET (NWFET) around an advanced nanolithographic imprint methodology which will lead to a scalable and economically competitive manufacturing process. The NWFET will consist of Si nanowires etched from an epitaxially deposited single crystal layer of Si,… More

Wound-related pathogens (WRPs) are a major challenge affecting the care of injured soldiers. Infection caused by WRPs leads to morbidity and can lead to mortality if appropriate care is not administered in a timely fashion. Therefore, rapid identification of wound related bloodstream infections in… More

Ceramics materials have great potential in a wide variety of applications but their use is often limited by the associated high cost of machining. Developing laser assisted machining (LAM) for a commercial environment will greatly mitigate these costs. Nanohmics and Dr. Y. C. Shin of Purdue… More

Over the past fifty years, technological advancements in the microelectronics industry have been astounding. As a result of this success, today's microfabricated devices are inexpensive, can be produced in large volumes, and can be fabricated with billions of sub-100 nm logic elements as small area… More

Nanohmics, Inc will develop a drop-in LED replacement for the M6363/3-2 reflector SC bayonet mount bulb used in these wingtip lighting assemblies. The Nanohmics LED replacement will have the same physical dimensions as well as comparable light output and angular intensity while using less electrical… More

Production of long life, light weight, high-volumetric-energy-density, high-voltage bus capacitors, which are stable at temperatures over 250C, would enable the electrical system of an electric vehicle to operate at a higher temperature, thereby readying these systems for next-generation SiC-based… More

The $100B thermal control market is dominated by compressed gas technology. Peltier devices are an interesting solid state alternative to standard compressor technology; however, these devices are grossly inefficient and are not capable of removing massive quantities of heat. Nonetheless, a solid… More

Over the past fifty years, technological advancements in the microelectronics industry have been astounding. As a result of this success, today's microfabricated devices are inexpensive, can be produced in large volumes, and can be fabricated with billions of sub-100 nm logic elements as small area… More

Thermophotovoltaic(TPV) energy conversion produces electrical power from heat energy in a simple, low maintenance manner ideal for certain NASA applications. Currently, thermophotovoltaics suffer from low efficiencies, where only a small fraction of the total thermal energy is converted to… More

Wound-related pathogens (WRPs) are a major challenge affecting the care of injured soldiers. Infection caused by WRPs can lead to mortality in the event rapid identification and medical diagnosis of wound-related bloodstream infections is not accomplished in a timely fashion. However, limited… More

Multispectral zinc sulfide, because of its good optical transmittance in the visible, near infrared, MWIR, and LWIR spectral bands, is one of a number of materials used extensively as a"hyperspectral"window. Such windows serve as primary protection for sensitive multi-band electro-optic… More

Standard filament light bulbs are being replaced by light emitting diode (LED) technology at a rapid pace in areas as diverse as automotive and commercial / residential lighting. LED"s provide relatively high efficiency in a compact device but the major selling point is the extended life span,… More

With improved performance in directed energy weapons (DEW), the susceptibility of modern weapon, reconnaissance, and surveillance systems - in particular those with optical sensors - is acute. Recent interest in protection of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and their sensor suites has become… More

The ability to perform rapid, highly sensitive and selective detection of a complex Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) signature profiles is important for applications ranging from acute situational health and safety assessment to suspect/target identification. Commercial gas sensors employ a number of… More

PFC materials must withstand a very harsh environment. The most cost effective means of meeting these requirements is by selectively depositing specialized materials, particularly refractory metals or carbon fiber composites, to regions where the harshest conditions occur. These materials are… More

Detection of chemical and biological threats is becoming increasingly important in today"s world of asymmetric enemies. The threat of attack using chemical and biological warfare (CBW) agents has increased significantly both abroad and at home due to the availability of information and large… More

ABSTRACT: Recent advances in manufacturing in Inverted Metamorphic Multi-junction (IMM) cells have opened new terrestrial opportunities that demand high specific power as a key enabling component. Originally designed for space applications, IMM photovoltaics have a high overall power conversion… More

Nanohmics and Professor Gennady Shvets at the University of Texas at Austin propose to develop a Multi-Spectral RectennaTM (MSR) composed of a large area flexible sheet of plasmonic absorber structures coupled to an advanced scintered nanoparticle diode junction material. The resulting film would… More

Manufacturing of bulk metallic glasses (BMG) requires very rapid cooling and some recent work in laser direct deposition or laser engineered net shaping (LENS) techniques has indicated the possibility of producing net shaped bulk quantities of these materials. To date several groups have had some… More

Nanohmics Inc. proposes the development of navigation app on an Android handheld that integrates directly with the current Nanohmics military free fall navigation system (GlideLine). The proposed Android handheld will wirelessly accept a mission file generated by the jumpmaster and use this file… More

ABSTRACT: There is a need for space optical systems that have high sensitivity and can stare over a super-wide field of regard without the complexity, size, weight, and cost associated with scanners or wide-angle optics. Nanohmics proposes to build and test a novel, low-cost optical system for… More

ABSTRACT: Optical sensors are extensively used in aircraft for a variety of purposes. The majority of these sensors are situated behind windows, which provide the interface between the aircraft interior and the outside world. The window must be transparent in the spectral bands of interest, and… More

Wavefront sensors for adaptive-optics systems have traditionally been used in conditions where atmospheric turbulence is relatively weak and concentrated near the pupil of the optical system. Several generations of rotating radial grating, Shack-Hartmann, and modal wavefront sensors have been… More

A significant fraction of new battlefield instrumentation is based on lasers and the performance of directed energy weapons (DEW) has improved. Therefore, the susceptibility of modern weapon, reconnaissance, and surveillance systems in particular those with optical sensors is acute. Recent… More

ABSTRACT: Robust optical coatings are of great importance across a broad spectrum of applications. Hard, durable, stress-free coatings are needed and used in everything from ophthalmic polymers to infrared optics. One of the principal shortcomings of typical inorganic oxide, nitride, and sulfide… More

Originally designed for space applications, multi-junction solar cells have a high overall power conversion efficiency (>30%) which compares favorably to amorphous silicon, CIGS and bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices which are limited to<10%. Recent advances in manufacturing of Inverted… More

Nanohmics proposes the integration of two major paradigms to optimize and improve current EVA communication systems. To address the implementation of tunable front-end transceivers, nanoimprint methodologies will be used to create nanoscale dimensions sub-systems designed to fit flexible printed… More

ABSTRACT: Nanohmics Inc., working in collaboration with Professor Gennady Shvets at the University of Texas at Austin, proposes to develop a handheld tactical imaging system for tunable band imaging based on a sensor array that can be fabricated directly on silicon, but uses a novel detection… More

ABSTRACT: Nanohmics is proposing a technology development program that will result in infrared optical components (windows, lenses, and domes) that have high-performance broadband anti-reflection, large angle-of-regard, and anti-erosion properties. The underlying technology is based on a new… More

Wavefront sensors for adaptive-optics systems have traditionally been used in conditions where atmospheric turbulence is relatively weak and concentrated near the pupil of the optical system. Recently, the need to perform adaptive optics compensation for strong and distributed turbulence has kindled… More

High Altitude High Opening (HAHO) parachute insertions are a clandestine means of delivering soldiers and equipment into hostile territory. HAHO operations involve complex planning and integration of dynamic geographic, meteorological, and tactical data. For example, changes in the wind altitude… More