A comprehensive approach to the digitization, processing, and display of afgl all-sky images is proposed. we first plan to evaluate and compare two methods of producing digital representations of the images: video frame-grabbing and digital scanning. accuracy, reso lution, noise levels, cost and… More

This proposal is a joint experimental, theortical, and numerical study of gravity wave - critical layer interactions. these interactions are important in understanding atmospheric dynamics because of stress divergence and mixing that occur as a gravity wave approaches its critical level. the… More

Few studies of aircraft trailing vortices have been perform ed in sheared or stratified flows. yet, measurements indicate that the atmosphere is typically both sheared and stratif ied. this lack of knowledge could be important if vortex evolution is significantly different in sheared, stratifie d… More

The large, multidimensional data sets generated in numerical and empirical science are often difficult to analyze. new strategies are needed for storing, transporting, and graphically rendering these results. northwest research associates, inc. proposes a system based on write-once optical disk… More

Respiratory gas analysis is a vital component of physiological monitoring of both humans and animals during extended space flight, since it allows one to assess non-invasively both pulmonary and cardiovascular health. what is proposed here is an innovative method of rapid multi-gas analysis which… More

With the improved monitoring capabilities in intensive care units (icu's), there is a growing need to provide enhanced data-processing capabilities both for better patient care and more effective use of icu personnel. a number of biomedical monitors provide alarms (e.g., for apnea); however, there… More

Transionospheric c3i radio systems and oth radars benefit from knowledge of plasma density (radio refractive index) in the ionosphere and gradients herein. we propose to assess feasibility of an ionospheric tomography system (its) for providing such information in the form of near-real-time images,… More

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We propose a method to identify, separate, and classify complex broad-band signals, and, subsequently, to track and locaiize the typically elusive threats emitting those signals. The proposed methods were developed by the authors, and have already undergone some basic preliminary testing. The… More

The long-term objective is to implement a personal computer-based system supporting volumetric data registration and other tasks required in the analysis of volume data such as pet, mri, xct, etc. the system will combine the convenience and ease-of-use characteristics of personal computers with… More

Trauma is one of the leading causes of death and disability in rural commnities. many of these fatalities and disabilities could be avoided if significant injuries were detected earlier or if there were improvements in resuscitation and stabilization of the injured patients. we will develop a… More

Cardiac output measurements are one of the most important physiological indices ofcardiovascular function. Although there is interest in the measurement, there are no relativelyinexpensive, noninvasive cardiac output monitors available commercially. We are developing such amonitor, based on a new… More

Researchers are developing a multi-point laser velocimeter to obtain velocities at a number of points, simultaneously and non-intrusively. this instrumentation is to be applied to transport and exchange in surface and bottom boundary layers. however, the technique will be applicable to a wide… More

We propose a unified front end (UFE) for placing NOAA's databases on the Internet. The UFE uses a combination of existing World-Wide Web technology along with custom-written elements to present the user with an efficient, content-oriented data search. The goal of the UFE is to allow data seekers… More

Accurate and timely information about space weather has become essential for managing many technologies on which our lives depend (e.g., radio communications, Global Positioning Systems). A major limitation to accessing this information from NOAA and private vendors is the lack of well-defined,… More

Accurate and timely information about space weather has become essential for managing many technologies on which our lives depend (e.g., radio communications, Global Positioning Systems). A major limitation to accessing this information from NOAA and private vendors is the lack of well-defined,… More

The integrated charge density through the ionosphere and plasmasphere along a line-of-sight, denoted Total Electron Content (TEC), is a quantity that influences the operation of various radio-frequency systems. Measurement of TEC is utilized in order to assess environmental or system impacts, with… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is the production of a low cost, portable 3-D ultrasound device capable of accurate measurement of left ventricle end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes and ejection fraction. The device will employ automatic boundary detection… More

The integrated charge density through the ionosphere and plasmasphere along a line-of-sight, denoted Total Electron Content (TEC), is a quantity that influences the operation of various radio-frequency systems. Measurement of TEC is utilized in order to assess environmental or system impacts, with… More

We propose to define and develop state-of-the-art forecasting and nowcasting tools to support HAA operations. Our focus is on stratospheric gravity wave (GW) processes, turbulence, and transient luminous events (TLE) and related electrical discharges to altitudes of 70,000 feet. These phenomena… More

This proposal addresses the development of advanced optical- turbulence forecasting tools to aid design, testing, and operations for applications involving laser propagation through the atmosphere. These include laser-weapons systems, free-space optical communication, and astronomical… More

We have defined a state-of-the-art forecasting and nowcasting ADA to support HAA operations. Our focus will be on stratospheric gravity wave (GW) and turbulence processes at altitudes to 70,000 feet. These phenomena pose the major threat to HAA (including Global Hawk and U-2) flight operations and… More

Accurate real-time determination of the three-dimensional electron density distribution of the ionosphere is required to mitigate ionospheric delay and refraction effects on Air Force ground-based space-surveillance radars. We have developed a prototype system that processes phase and group delay… More

Ground-based radars operating in the naturally or nuclear disturbed ionospheric environment can be subjected to high levels of clutter and returns from countermeasures. Effective clutter mitigation and false alarm control is required to maintain performance in high sensitivity applications such as… More

We have designed a state-of-the-art optical turbulence forecasting system for free-space optical (FSO) laser communication and directed energy laser weapons systems applications. Our initial emphasis has been on an improved atmospheric decision aid (ADA) for the Airborne Laser (ABL), but the … More

It is well known that UHF radars at high latitude observe significant perturbations in measurements of amplitude, phase, range, and Doppler, caused by ionospheric disturbances. Without mitigation of these effects, there is no doubt that the natural ionosphere is a major issue for the important… More

Accurate real-time determination of the three-dimensional electron density distribution of the ionosphere is required to mitigate ionospheric delay and refraction effects on Air Force ground-based space-surveillance radars. We have developed a system for processing dual frequency GPS beacon data to… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary/Abstract Atrial fibrillation is the most common disorder of the heart rhythm that requires treatment, with a prevalence estimated at over 5 million in the US alone in the year 2000. If untreated, it is a ssociated with increased risk of death and… More

While climate model data is publicly available, existing data portals generally serve climate model output files in network Common Data Form (netCDF). This output is designed for scientists and programmers, but is opaque to a non-expert. Nonetheless, this information is vital to businesses, as… More

Over-the-Horizon radar (OTHR) uses ionospheric reflection to propagate HF transmissions to long range (~ 500 to 5000 km). The ionosphere is a dynamic "mirror" that varies diurnally, seasonally, and with the solar cycle. Geolocation of targets observed by OTHR, (Coordinate Registration; CR),… More

Coordinate Registration (CR) of OTHR targets requires accurate real-time ionospheric modeling coupled with HF propagation calculations to convert radar-measured target signal delays and beam steers to geographical position. Our team is the developer of the most sophisticated CR capability currently… More

ABSTRACT: Over-the-Horizon radar (OTHR) uses ionospheric reflection to propagate HF transmissions to long range (~500-5000 km). The ionosphere is a dynamic"mirror"that varies diurnally, seasonally, and with the solar cycle. Geolocation of targets observed by OTHR, (Coordinate… More

It is well known that satellite communications and radar signals propagating in the natural ionosphere can be disturbed. It has also been widely reported that the ionosphere is subject to even greater disturbances following nuclear detonations. Hence the design of robust satellite communications… More

UHF radars at high latitude observe significant perturbations in measurements of amplitude, phase, range, and Doppler, caused by ionospheric disturbances. Without mitigation of these effects, there is no doubt that the natural ionosphere is a major issue in the performance of the important radar… More

ABSTRACT: Coordinate Registration (CR) of OTHR targets requires accurate real-time ionospheric modeling coupled with HF propagation calculations to convert radar-measured target signal delays and beam steers to geographical position. Our team is the developer of the most sophisticated CR… More