In this phase i, effort we propose to demonstrate the technical feasibility of a passive remote sensing infrared device that accurately and in real-time profiles atmospheric temperature, humidity, and refractive index. this proposed effort is a ogical extension of a previously theoretical and… More

Optical countermeasures research requires accurate short-path airborne measurement of wavelength dependent atmospheric extinction. this atmospeheric total extinction coefficient has aerosol absorption, aerosol scattering, and water vapor molecular absorption components. current devices measures only… More

In this phase i effort we propose to demonstrate the technical feasibility of a passive remote sensing infrared device that accurately and in real-time profiles atmospherictemperature, humidity, and refractive index. this proposed effort is a logical extension of a previously submitted theoretical… More

We have recently developed an infrared absorption optical hygrometer for use in the earth's atmosphere. in this proposed phase i effort we will numerically and experimentally show that it is possible to adapt our existing technology to monitor trace moisture in the high pressure primary coolant… More

We have recently developed a durable infrared optical humidity sensor for airborne in-cloud use. we are currently adapting this sensor for use in the extreme pressures and temperatures of primary coolant loops of gas-cooled nuclear reactors. in this proposed phase i effort we will theoretically and… More

We propose a covert atmospheric wind sounding system which operates by passively looking at the temporal and spatial coherence of small scale fluctuations of background infrared radiation emitted by the atmosphere as a function of wavelength. it radiates no electromagnetic energy and does not… More

A runway-implantable electronic sensor is proposed for measurement of ice accumulation on airport runways and navigation aid structures. the sensor operates by measuring phase and frequency resolved differential electric field fluctuations within an air/ice dielectric layer in response to an applied… More

Recent major initiatives within the atmospheric sciences community support a series of interagency field research programs focused on improving our understanding of mesoscalephenomenon, in the context of weather prediction (the storm program), climate moedling (the fire program), and fundamentals of… More

We have extensive recent experience in the measurement of humidity and temperature using non-contact infrared technology. in this phase i research we will complete a feasibility study to access adapting our existing technology to trouble-free long term high humidity use. if successful in phase i, we… More

We propose a new quantitative supercooled water and rime-ice accretion sensor technology for use in atmospheric and cloud-physics research. the device has no moving parts, is electronic rather that mechanical, and weighs less than 1 ounce. it uses the basic physics of low frequency phase-locked… More

Prototype microwave radiometers capable of measuring atomspheric water vapor and liquid by observation of line-of-sight emission at 20.6 and 31.6 ghz respectively are now in use at several research laboratoriess. these prototype radiometers are bulky, expensive to build, and are not available… More

Over the past decade, there hsa been a surge of in- terest within the physics community concerning op- toacoustic laser spectroscopy for measurements in gases, liquids, and solids. optoacoustic laser spec- troscopy has been shown to be the most sensitive method for measuring atmospheric trace=gas… More

An innovative new technique is proposed for measurement of liquid water and ice water contents, in g/cm(3), of snow or ice. the technique consists of measuring the capacitive component of the electrical impedance of a snow sample at frequencies of 1 and 50 khz. the dielectric constants of liquid… More

The recognized low level wind shear phenomenon known as a microburst poses a serious air safety threat to commercial aviation while in a landing or poses a serious commercial aviation while in a landing or takeoff pattern. this low level wind shear has been demonstrated to de a this low level wind… More

A new and potentially very accurate and inexpensive concept of soil moisture measurement is proposed. it can discriminate permafrost from liquid moisture in soil. the proposed technology can quantify total soil moisture content in volumetric units of grams per cubic centimeter. unlike other low cost… More

New nasa satellite remote sensing programs such as trmm, which intend to measure global precipitation, require "ground truth" calibration. precipitation measurement is especially difficult from ships at sea, which are the primary "sea truth" available over most of the earth's surface. conventional… More

A non-intrusive flow measurement system is proposed for small diameter, low flow rate, and low pressure differentialthermal control fluid systems. the proposed technique utilizes a cw diode based laser doppler velocimeter (ldv) which captures scattered radiationfrom minute (

We believe it may be possible to detect internal wave regularities generated by moving submarines by using non-acoustic microthermal array measurements sensitive at the 0.001 deg c level or below. typically oceanic microthermal temperature gradient measurements are computed as small differences… More

Recent major initiatives within the atmospheric sciences community support a series of interagency field research programs focused on improving our understanding of meosocalephenonmenon, in the context of weather prediction (the stormprogram), climate modeling (the fire program), and fundamentals of… More

We propose a passive multi-channel millimeter-wave radiometer for detecting metal objects against the sea-surface background, even though the target is too small to be beamfilling. the proposed "frequency-transformation" detection technique will utilize multiple passive channels at 23, 31,, and 94… More

We propose a unique method to detect both conventional and low-observable aircraft and missiles. the method relies on none of the typically used signatures (i.e., thermal, radar, electronic, visual, audio, or contrail) and thus would be immune to all the presently existing decoys and… More

A novel scheme for providing a preferential path through the atmosphere along which lightning will travel is proposed. the work will theoretically assess the feasibility of using a high energy pulsed laser operating in the ultraviolet (at a wavelength never before used) to multiphoton ionize trace… More

A portable, low cost fm-cw doppler weather radar is proposed to provide "real-time" meteorological data in the field. such a system would assist battlefield decision making by monitoring conditions pertinent to microwave ducting, artillery control, and determining local weather. current doppler… More

We propose a multi-channel millimeter-wave radiometer for measuring atmospheric temperature profiles and inversions without resort to radiosonde observation. the device will utilize multiple passive channels at 23,31, and 50-60 ghz. this radiometer development to measure atmospheric temperature is a… More

Recent research has shown the importance of calibrating and verifying satellite sea-surface-temperature (sst) radiometers using shipboard "skin" radiometric thermometers rather than buoy, in-situ thermometers. since the satellite radiometers measure sea-surface skin brightness temperature,… More

An airborne imaging radiometer is needed to detect, monitor, and quantitatively analyze greenhouse gases and natural gas emissions. by projecting false color images (indicating natural gas concentration) onto standard video images of the observed terrain, this radiometer pinpoints the location of… More

An investigation of two methods of using doppler shifted molecular backscatter to measure an aircraft's true airspeed is proposed. because aerosol backscatter at high altitude is so small, its usefulness in measuring airspeed is seriously doubtful. quantum-line resonant (non-rayleigh) molecular… More

We propose to develop a novel radiometer for real-time measurements of atmospheric air temperature from high-altitude, high-speed aircraft. As stated in Topic Number 3.05, NASA requires airborne

A continuously tunable laser source covering the 2-5 micron wavelength region is proposed. Light generated by a diode laser pumped tunable Cr:LiSAF laser is Raman shifted twice in Hydrogen to nicely cover the 205 micron window. The unique feature of the proposed laser is that the Raman shifting cell… More

The proposed instrument combines random modulated continuous wave lidar and edge detection Doppler lidar. This combination has the potential for producing a wind and wind shear profiling lidar which is optically simple enough to be routinely used in the field. The lidar uses the recently developed… More

A combination of newly available GPS2 microchip technology and microminiature optically sensed gyroscopes will allow us to configure a small (2"x4"x4", 0.018 cu ft), low cost, self-contained, battery-powered (2.5 Watts), projectile guidance system. The Phase I prototype will continuously output all… More

To fully characterize the here must be To fully characterize the e, the atmosphere must be characterized for extinction factors leading to reduced contrast, as well as turbulence effects which reduce the image resolution of… More

Not Available Active magnetic bearings (AMB) make potential revolutionary Flywheel Energy Storage Systems (FESS) designs possible. However, their inability to sustain and operate through transients is limited. Since bearing reliability, size and weight are crucial in space based FESS, a durable,… More

We propose to develop an Optical Air Data System (OADS) to measure air vehicle airspeed, Mach number, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, angles of attack and sideslip, and air density using a non-intrusive technique termed Rayleigh/Mie lidar. Currently, these parameters are measured… More

We propose to develop an Optical Air Data System (OADS) to measure air vehicle airspeed, Mach number, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, angles of attack and sideslip, and air density using a non-intrusive technique termed Rayleigh/Mie lidar. Currently, these parameters are measured… More

Future air pollution monitors must become widely deployed and have the ability to monitor continuously in real time. To be widely deployed, they must be inexpensive and monitor multiple species with one sensor. Currently, each sensor must be uniquely developed (and uniquely different) for each… More

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project includes the development of an innovative, remote sensor using a Rayleigh/Mie laser radar to sample the air well ahead of an aircraft to monitor wind speed and detect turbulence. This sensor can, in effect, sense the atmosphere in the region of… More

The military tactics of our current environment-asymmetric warfare-demand effective targeting and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR). Target identification confidence can be greatly enhanced by interrogating and evaluating several, independent, target features. These include: … More

The War on Terror has produced new, asymmetric warfare threats - ever-more-sophisticated explosive mines on land and at sea. The Navy has moved to incorporate mine counter measures (MCM) into an organic approach where combat units themselves handle counter-mine assets and perform their functions as… More

Monitoring and forecasting of atmospheric winds within the United States provides protection from severe weather conditions, enables the safe operations of airports, provides the ability to predict wildfire evolution, and the dispersion of hazardous material plumes. However, the current NOAA… More

Ophir proposes to develop a multifunction, low-cost lidar capable of accurately measuring kinetic air hazards, and air data, simultaneously. The innovation is providing a single sensor that has dual-use functionalityÂ? air data measurement and kinetic air hazard detection in a package that is… More

Ophir's Phase I research was highly successful and all contract objectives and tasks were successfully completed. In Phase II, Ophir proposes to continue this important research by developing and flight testing a multifunction, low-cost, laser radar capable of enhancing aviation safety by… More