Not Available As a part of the requirements definition process for the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) aircraft, requirements analysts looked for new ways to improve the logistics processes. Autonomic Logistics was a term coined for these new processes that combined advanced on-board diagnostics and… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Many experiments in the health sciences field generate data, which consist of multiple curves. Currently, there are few options when it comes to statistical analyses of this kind of data. As a result, it can be difficult to conduct an… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The vast majority of hands-on health care is not given by doctors or nurses, but rather by paraprofessional or informal caregivers. Across the U.S., an estimated 1.39 million certified nursing assistants, 1.5 million home care aides, and… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): MetaSim is a suite of easy-to-use software authoring tools, which enable authors of internet-based medical educational materials to develop interactive case-based simulation examples. Case-based simulation examples have long been a mainstay… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to develop The End-of-Life Family Workshop, a multimedia computer program to aid families in the end-of-life care of a loved one. Research shows that communication and decision-making continues to challenge families of patients facing end of life.… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Inadequately treated pain is an important issue for healthcare as patients demand better care and organizations such as the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations focus on pain management. Studies indicate a significant… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Inadequately treated pain is an important issue for healthcare as patients demand better care and organizations such as the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations focus on pain management. Studies indicate a significant… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Experts recognize that the proper assessment and treatment of pain should extend beyond the biological injury to include more complex multidimensional variables. These variables include patient expectations, impact on quality of life, beliefs, prior experiences,… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Most adult patients are treated for depression in primary care settings. Unfortunately, few receive treatment that meets the recommended guidelines. The current project, Technology Enhanced Depression Intervention for primary care (TEDI), proposes the use of… More

Alcoholism is a costly and difficult societal problem and treatment programs are often unsuccessful. One consistent finding in the literature is that better outcomes occur with improved treatment retention. ASEAD (Adaptive Support Environment for Alcohol Dependence) is a tool designed to improve… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Exposure to trauma is common in the U.S. A significant proportion of these exposures lead to serious impairment in functioning, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although there are empirically supported treatments (EST's) for PTSD, many do not… More

Alcoholism is a costly and difficult societal problem and treatment programs are often unsuccessful. One consistent finding in the literature is that better outcomes occur with improved treatment retention. ASEAD (Adaptive Support Environment for Alcohol Dependence) is a tool designed to improve… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent evidence indicates that the rate of new HIV and STD infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) is rising, especially among MSM under age 30. Communities of color appear to be at particular risk. This project proposes to deliver a current empirically… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): About 25% of Americans smoke and the majority of current smokers do not plan on quitting any time soon. For these smokers, interventions tailored to decrease their resistance and increase their readiness to stop smoking are most effective. Motivational… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): About 25% of Americans smoke and the majority of current smokers do not plan on quitting any time soon. For these smokers, interventions tailored to decrease their resistance and increase their readiness to stop smoking are most effective. Motivational… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Most direct, hands-on healthcare is delivered by nursing assistants. Reliance on these caregivers is increasing rapidly as administrators look for low-cost providers, recovery care shifts from hospitals to rehabilitation facilities, and the prevalence of chronic… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): As the U.S. population ages and becomes increasingly diverse, one of the most pressing issues facing health professionals is providing culturally sensitive end-of-life care. The aim of this project is to develop a multimedia interactive tutorial to integrate… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Most direct, hands-on healthcare is delivered by nursing assistants. Reliance on these caregivers is increasing rapidly as administrators look for low-cost providers, recovery care shifts from hospitals to rehabilitation facilities, and the prevalence of chronic… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent evidence indicates that the rate of new HIV and STD infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) is rising, especially among MSM under age 30. Communities of color appear to be at particular risk. Phase I of this project developed an HIV preventative… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In 1965, Melzack and Wall described the physiologic mechanisms by which stimulation of large diameter non-pain sensory nerves could reduce the amount of unpleasant activity carried by pain nerves. This landmark observation published in Science was termed the… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is to develop a computer-based Disparities, Culture and Health course which uses interactive multimedia technology to integrate the acquisition new attitudes, knowledge, and skills for reducing disparities in health. The course will consist of… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is growing interest in the use of nonpharmacological or behavioral approaches to pain management. Used alone or in conjunction with pharmacological treatment, techniques such as guided imagery, relaxation and distraction can effectively reduce both cancer… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Experts recognize that the proper assessment and treatment of pain should extend beyond the biological injury to include more complex multidimensional variables. These variables include patient expectations, impact on quality of life, beliefs, prior experiences,… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Exposure to trauma is common in the US. A significant proportion of these exposures leads to serious impairment in functioning, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although there are empirically-supported treatments (EST's) for PTSD, many individuals… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cancer treatment has serious psychosocial consequences that impact patients' quality of life and overall health. Effective psychological treatment has been developed but is often not available. The Internet has been successfully used to disseminate information… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The period immediately after hospital discharge is a particularly risky time for patients who are being discharged from a high-care setting. Discharged "sicker and quicker" (Kosecoff et al., 1990), patients abruptly move from the hospital's high care setting to a… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The U.S. health care system depends on an estimated 52 million informal caregivers to provide care to ill or disabled adults in their homes. Most of these caregivers are family or friends, not paid assistants or volunteers. Increasingly, they are caring for the… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cognitive behavioral (CBT) approaches to chronic pain management are effective for reducing patients' experience of pain and improving functioning and quality of life. Non-pharmacological treatments for pain are strongly endorsed as an important component of a… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In the years since World War II, the U.S. has grown increasingly dependent on foreign-born health care providers at all levels of the health care system. Today 1.1 million immigrants account for 13 percent of all health care providers in the U.S.(Paral, 2004).… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Heat produces analgesia through recognized physiologic mechanisms including stimulation of thermal receptors that inhibit nociception via the gate-control theory, by increasing blood flow, and by reducing muscular spasm . Similarly transcutaneous electrical nerve… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Culture and End-of-Life e-learning course introduces a step-wise process for understanding and incorporating culture in patient care along with six case studies with patients from diverse cultures. The introduction is followed by modules on spirituality and… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management (CBSM) interventions have been shown to decrease cancer-related distress, foster emotional growth and improve immune functioning during treatment for breast cancer. CBSM interventi ons use well-validated cognitive behavioral… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Phase II SBIR grant will complete the development and evaluation of Healthcare Disparities: Patients and Providers, an e-learning course for physicians and physicians in training. The Phase I module, Healthcare Dis parities, provides instruction in the… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is a great need to facilitate dissemination of empirically based methods in addiction treatment. Motivational Interviewing (MI) is an empirically supported therapeutic approach developed by Miller and Rollnick (19 91, 2002). Although there is high demand… More

The goal of the proposed Phase I research is to design a web-based training program to teach screening and brief intervention for substance abuse problems to primary care providers. Specifically, we will outline the didactic content to be covered; develop instructional design strategies, draft… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Between 10 and 28 percent of Americans suffer from chronic low back pain (CLBP). Chronic pain self-management programs that include behavioral and cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT) have been demonstrated as effective in improving pain, function, and quality… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Treatment and prevention of many chronic health problems, such as HIV infection, are significantly influenced by stress and behavior. Yet, many healthcare providers and students lack knowledge about how stress and behav ior interact with physiological processes… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): 6. Project Summary Abstract Currently 17 percent of the total U.S. nursing work force is foreign-born. Many of these highly qualified professionals speak U.S. English as a second language and struggle to communicate eff ectively with clients and colleagues. The… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Use of prescription opioids for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) has escalated rapidly in the past two decades. Prescription opioid abuse is the fastest growing form of drug abuse, and prescription opioids are now the topcause of accidental drug overdose. The FDA… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pain is the primary reason that people seek medical care. Unfortunately, under-treatment of pain is well- documented in cancer (Cohen et al, 2003; Deandrea et al., 2008) and other medical conditions (Boulanger et al., 2007; Hadjistavropoulos et al., 2006). While… More

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DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The first goal of Healthy People 2010 is to help individuals of all ages increase life expectancy and improve their quality of life. Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), a life-shortening chronic disease affecting ~30,000 individuals in the U.S., suffer from… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pain is the primary reason that people seek medical care. Unfortunately, under-treatment of pain is well- documented in cancer (Cohen et al, 2003; Deandrea et al., 2008) and other medical conditions (Boulanger et al., 2007; Hadjistavropoulos et al., 2006). While… More

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DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Primary Care Providers (PCPs) have the opportunity to identify and intervene with alcohol abusers and risky users at an early stage, preventing many negative health and societal consequences. Screening and brief intervention (SBI) for substance use problems is an… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Approximately one-third of those who turned 65 in 2010 will enter a nursing home for short or long-term stay in their lifetime. Although the older adult population is growing more diverse, the current population of nursing home residents is 86% White and 62%… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Modifiable behavioral risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease, two of the most costly diseases in both human and monetary terms, include obesity, lack of physical activity, smoking tobacco and excess alcohol consumption. Despite a longstanding… More