The goal of achieving minimum volume, light weight, efficient and environmentally clean "small" gas turbine systems for aeropropulsion cannot be met with conventional design strategies. an innovative pulsed combustor driven recuperated or regenerated gas turbine (pcrgt) concept is proposed which… More

Effective, low-cost sulfur dioxide (so(2)) emission controlsthat are retrofittable are needed to allow the widespread use of coal while not adversely impacting the environment. direct sorbent injection is a relatively economical retrofittable so(2) capture technique. however, so(2) sorbent capture… More

Effective, low-cost and retrofittable nox emission controls are needed to allow the widespread use of coal while not adversely impacting the environment. reburning, or in-furnace nox reduction (ifnr) is a relatively economical and retrofittable nox reduction technique. however, this technique is… More

Effective, low-cost and retrofittable combined nox and so2 emission controls are needed to allow the widespread use of coal while not adversely impacting the environment. reburning or in-furnace nox reduction (ifnr) and dry sorbentinjection (dsi) are relatively economical and retrofittable nox and… More

Reduction of gas turbine propulsion system noise, and associated vibrations, is an important goal for future aircraft. the objective of this project is to use an innovative methodology to identify and quantify the primary source of noise in gas-turbine combustors and use the results to identify a… More

Current waste sludge incinerators have high capital and operating costs; they also produce significant gaseous and solid pollutants. the opportunities for co-firing with coal are limited by conventional designs. the problems can be related to the poor matching of sludge and coal characteristics with… More

Current and advanced coal combustors for industrial and commercial applications do not integrate combustion and pollution control processes to the extent required to minimize system cost and space requirements. the novel integrated emissions control combustor (iecc) optimizes combustion, nitrogen… More

Stringently regulated ozone nonattainment air quality regions will require the implementation of ultra-low-nox systems. currently, only costly selective catalytic reduction (scr) systems can achieve very high levels of nox reduction. inexpensive low nox burners, that can meet the regulations without… More

For optimal benefication, coal must be finely ground to release the pyritic sulfur and ash inclusions. the resulting clean product is difficult to handle, transport and store. by reconstituting the product through pelletization, these difficultiescan be overcome. however, excessive pelletization… More

Millions of gas fired residential and commercial water heaters are installed nationwide. Uncontrolled NOx emissions from these units are high, relative to industrial low NOx burner emissions. New low cost approaches to control NOx are needed, to limit emission from water heaters.

Non-attachment air quality regions will require the implementation of ultra-low-NOx boiler burner systems. Currently, only costly Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems can achieve 9 ppm NOx emissions. Alternative and inexpensive low NOx burners, that can meet the regulations without SCR, are… More

Combustion in boiler and fluids heaters consumes approximately 5 TCF of gas peryear and generates approximately 350,000 tons of NOx. To meet ambient airquality standards, particularly those for ozone, low-cost ultra-low NOx burnersare needed for these applica-tions. This will reduce the costs and… More

50445-98-I Low Cost Reactive Barrier for Sites Contaminated with Radionuclides and Heavy Metals--Altex Technologies Corporation, 650 Nuttman Street, Suite 114, Santa Clara, CA 95054-2620; (408) 982-2303 Dr. John Kelly, Principal Investigator Dr. Mehdi Namazian, Business Official DOE Grant No.… More

Bioconversion of lignocellulosic wastes to fuels and chemicals requires pretreatment to enhance conversion and reduce overall costs. Texas A&M University (TAMU) has tested a lime pretreatment process that is effective and low-cost. A significant element of the pretreatment cost is the lime… More

A simple and Low-Cost Pocket Stove (LCPS) concept has been identified by Altex that can be fired on diesel or JP8 fuel. The stove provides 2,000 Btu/hr heating capacity, weighs less than 2 ounces and is projected to cost $3.00. The stove can be used by soldiers to heat water. Also, the concept… More

Not Available The Defense Modeling and Simulation Office's High Level Architecture (HLA) supports implementation of advanced distributed weapons system analysis and training systems by linking dissimilar simulations. One of the grand challenges in HLA stems from the desire to represent large-scale… More

Bioconversion of lignocellulosic wastes to fuels and chemicals requires pretreatment to enhance conversion and reduce overall costs. Texas A&M University (TAMU) has tested a lime pretreatment process that is effective and low-cost. A significant element of the pretreatment cost is the lime… More

Not Available The Mars Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Freezer (MACDOF) is a low cost and low power refrigerating device that will condense carbon dioxide directly from the Martian atmosphere. This device can be used to provide the carbon dioxide feed required by many ISPP

65287 The high moisture content and low density of biomass degrades its value as a fuel for electricity production. By reducing moisture content and increasing density, the Btu content of the biomass increases, along with its compatibility with boiler equipment; in addition, shipping costs and… More

"Effective, low cost and compact sulfur removal technologies are required for militaryand commercial fuel cell applications. Altex Technologies Corporation (Altex) andPennsylvania State University (PSU) have identified the Logistic Fuel Organic SulfurTrap (LFOST) concept that can remove sulfur… More

"The U.S. military needs compact and efficient fuel cell reformers for processing logistic fuels for fuel cell applications. However, reforming logistic fuel is challenging due to the fuel carbon deposition tendencies and its high sulfur level. AltexTechnologies Corporation (Altex) and Pennsylvania… More

Effective, low cost and compact sulfur removal technologies are required for military and commercial fuel cell applications. Altex Technologies Corporation (Altex) and Pennsylvania State University (PSU) have identified the Logistic Fuel Organic SulfurTrap (LFOST) system that can remove sulfur… More

Military and commercial fuel cell applications require a fuel cleaning technology that is capable of removing the fuel sulfur and other contaminants prior to reforming. Altex and Pennsylvania State University (PSU) have teamed up to develop the innovativeVersatile Logistic Fuel Preprocessor (VLFPP)… More

Quiet, compact and low cost power and environmental control systems are needed for command and control shelters. Altex has identified the Altex Compact Trigeneration System (ACTS) concept that utilizes novel power source and cooling technologies that canquietly power, and cool or heat shelters. In… More

Future shipboard operations can beneficially use fuel cells operating on logistic fuels. However, these fuels have a high level of sulfur that needs to be removed before they can be used as a feedstock for fuel cell systems. Altex, a small businessentity, and Pennsylvania State University (PSU), a… More

Quiet, compact and low cost power and environmental control systems are needed for command and control shelters. Altex has identified the Altex Compact Trigeneration System (ACTS) concept that uses a novel power source that can quietly power, and cool orheat shelters. In addition, the system has a… More

Bulk fuel desulfurization is required to apply fuel cells to a new class of naval vessels. Altex, a small business entity, and Pennsylvania State University (PSU), a research organization, have teamed up under a Phase I STTR program and have shown the feasibility of the innovative Logistic Fuel… More

To effectively use fuel cells in military and commercial applications, diesel fuel and JP-8 need to be reformed in a reliable and highly efficient reformer. Altex Technologies Corporation (Altex) and Pennsylvania State University (PSU) have identified the Compact and Efficient Logistic Fuel (CELF)… More

To effectively use fuel cells in military and commercial applications, diesel fuel and JP-8 need to be reformed in a compact, reliable and highly efficient reformer. Altex Technologies Corporation (Altex) and Pennsylvania State University (PSU) have identified the Compact and Efficient Logistic Fuel… More

75580-Conventional hot water heat exchangers, which utilize waste heat from micro-turbines, are large, heavy, and costly, limiting the application of micro-turbine-based Combined Heat and Power systems to institutional, commercial, and residential markets. This project will develop a compact heat… More

Altex Technologies, a small business entity, and Pennsylvania State University (PSU), a research organization, have teamed up under this STTR program to develop the innovative Person Portable JP-8 Fueled Fuel Cell-Power Generator (PJF-Gen). The 500-1000 watts PJF-Gen system will be light and… More

Low temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) operating on JP-8 and other distillate fuels are the ideal power sources for all applications, especially for portable power applications. By operating at lower temperature (400-600 C) these systems have faster response, quicker startup, better… More

Altex Technologies Corporation, a small business, and Pennsylvania State University, a research institution, have teamed up to develop the innovative Person Portable JP-8 Fueled Fuel Cell Power Generator (PJF-Gen). The 500-1000 watts system will be lightweight, the size of a lunch box, will… More

Low temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC), operating on JP-8 and other distillate fuels, are the ideal power sources for all applications, especially for portable power applications. By operating at lower temperature (400-600C) these systems have faster response, quicker startup, better… More

Animal wastes are a n environmental problem, particularly in fee lot areas were animals are concentrated. If the wastes could be upgraded to a fuel by gasification and then burned inefficient small-scale engines, high value electric power and process heat could be produced, while mitigating… More

There are over 480,000 trucks on the US roads, and each vehicle produces up to 20 tons CO2, 420 lbs of CO and 250 lbs of nitrous oxides per year, while idling to produce auxiliary power needed for the driver¿s comfort. A Quiet Reliable and Compact Fuel Cell Base APU (QRCFC-APU) is proposed to… More

Advanced radiators are needed for military vehicles, to allow engine output to be increased to meet new performance requirements. These radiators need to transfer more heat to the cooling air, while simultaneously reducing radiator size, pressure drop, weight and cost. Altex has identified and… More

Compact burners, capable of using a range of logistics fuels, are needed in support of fuel cell reformer systems. High efficiency, rapid startup and long term reliability are key criteria. Current spray burner and other designs have difficulty in meeting these objectives as a result of heat… More

Airborne electric power needs are becoming substantial, versus airframe propulsion power. Also, these electric power needs are applied in very short timescales that are not compatible with conventional gas turbine engine response capabilities. For these cases, the engine output and electric power… More

The Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) process, combined with feedstock pretreatment and gasification reactors, can be used to produce logistic fuels from a range of feedstocks, in combat theaters where military fuels are not available or too costly. However, current pretreatment and gasifier reactors are too… More

Altex Technologies Corporation and Penn State University (PSU) have developed and demonstrated desulfurizers from 20 watts to 10 kWe for different logistic fuels and different fuel cell applications. In particular a 10 kWe Logistic Fuel Sulfur Removal (LFSR) system has been developed for Navy… More

Although microchannel heat exchangers can greatly reduce heat exchanger size and weight, they are too expensive for most applications because of high fabrication costs. This project will develop an innovative heat exchanger that uses low-cost materials and a low-precision fabrication technique, in… More

The high moisture content of biomass degrades its value as a fuel, feedstock, or animal feed. If the moisture content of biomass could be reduced, its Btu content and compatibility with boiler equipment would increase, and its shipping costs and decay would decrease. Unfortunately, current biomass… More

There are over 480,000 trucks on US roads, and each vehicle produces up to 20 tons CO2, 420 lbs or CO, 11 lbs of particulates and 250 lbs of nitrous oxides per year, when idling, and producing auxiliary power needed for the drivers comfort. A Quiet Reliable and Compact Fuel Cell Based APU… More

The proposed Person-Portable Oxidative-Desulfurization System (PPODS) will enable the use of small solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) to produce 2 kW of electrical power from JP-8 by reducing the sulfur concentration in JP-8 fed to the SOFC fuel processor to less than 10 ppmw. The PPODS utilizes an… More

Microchannel heat exchangers can greatly reduce heat exchanger size and weight, but are too expensive for most applications, because of high fabrication costs. This project will develop an innovative microchannel heat exchanger that uses low-cost materials, along with a low precision fabrication… More

Under the Phase I effort, Altex and PSU demonstrated the feasibility of a JP-5 logistic fuel desulfurization unit for flight-worthy fuel-cell applications. This design is called the Naval Aviation Logistic Fuel Desulfurizer (NAVLFD). Under the proposed Phase II and Option efforts, the TRL of the… More

Biofuels plant production is constrained by the high cost of moving agricultural residues from the farm to a central processing plant. Conventional equipment for biomass densification is too costly for use in upgrading feedstocks for biofuels plants. This project will develop an innovative biomass… More

Aircraft avionics equipment must be cooled to maintain component reliability and longevity, particularly in high ambient temperature environments. Conventional cooling approaches fall short of performance, weight, compactness and cost requirements. Altex has identified an advanced air cooling… More

To support tactical fuel requirements at forward sites, biomass wastes from operations and those locally available need to be converted into viable military fuels. Conventional approaches cannot produce military type fuels using compact and mobile reactors. Through recent efforts, Altex and PSU… More

More compact and efficient cooling coils are needed to address increased heat management loads on Navy systems. Altex has identified an advanced cooling coil approach that can achieve the needed cooling, at half the typical cooling water flow, at face velocities exceeding 1000 fpm, without… More

Conventional biomass densification and energy enhancement equipment is too costly for use in upgrading feedstocks for biofuels plants. Therefore, this project will develop an innovative biomass blending and densification system (BBADS) to densify biomass and upgrade the energy value. In Phase I,… More

Altex, a small business entity, and Pennsylvania State University (PSU), a research institution, have teamed up under this STTR program to develop the Low Cost High Durability reactor that reduces the cost of logistic fuel reforming by an order of magnitude. LCHD uses the PSU's novel low cost… More

The proposed CO2 Harvesting And Mobile Production of Liquid Fuel (CHAMP-Fuel) process will help to reduce the number of fuel supply lines to forward-deployed bases by converting atmospheric CO2 and water into relevant amounts of fuel. Production of the fuel needs for operations on Iraq and… More

The objective of the project is to develop, fabricate, test, and deliver to the Army a Person-Portable Oxidative-Desulfurization System (PPODS) for integration with a 2-kWe SOFC. This proposed Phase II effort is based upon the Phase I effort that demonstrated the feasibility of the PPODS concept.… More

More compact, lightweight and efficient cooling coils are needed to address increased heat management needs on Navy ships. Under a Phase I effort, Altex has tested and shown the feasibility of an advanced cooling coil concept that can achieve the required cooling at half the typical cooling water… More

Airborne high power laser systems need lightweight and compact thermal management systems, which can respond to thermal loads within 10 seconds. An innovative heat exchanger concept has been identified, which can reduce system weight and volume to below 100 lbs and 8 cubic feet, respectively, while… More

Altex and Pennsylvania State University (PSU) have teamed up to develop the highly integrated and highly efficient JP-5 driven Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Logistic Fuel Power System (UAVLFP). UAVLFP will build upon previous work that has shown the feasibility of conversion JP-5 to power and incorporates… More

Infrastructure compatible biofuels, produced by conventional processes and using non-food biomass, are currently too expensive. The proposed innovative lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels system uses a robust noncatalytic front end to create optimal hydrocarbon intermediates that are then cleaned at… More

Active Denial Technology (ADT) and RF Vehicle Stopper devices need compact, light weight and low cost thermal management systems to meet mission goals. Heat exchangers strongly contribute to system volume, weight and cost. Innovative heat exchanger concepts have been identified that can reduce… More

Heat recovered from Navy ship gas turbine engine exhausts could significantly reduce shipboard fuel use by providing heating, cooling or additional power output at no increase in fuel use. However, current heat recovery heat exchangers have durability problems, are too large for packaging in current… More

To support tactical fuel requirements at forward bases, biomass wastes from operations, and those locally available, need to be converted into viable military fuels. Conventional approaches cannot produce military type fuels using compact and mobile reactors. Under a Phase I effort, Altex and… More

Airborne high energy laser systems need lightweight and compact thermal management systems. Innovative heat exchanger concepts have been identified, which can help reduce thermal management system weight and volume to below 100 lbs and 8 cubic feet, respectively, while also reducing cost. Phase I… More

Life cycle analysis of biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass combined with carbon capture has shown the potential to produce negative greenhouse gas emissions. More than a billion dry tons of freshly harvested lignocellulostic biomass is available at moisture contents between 20 and 60%. … More

Under the proposed project Altex will develop a Solid Waste Remediation System (ASWRS) for onsite disposal of bulk solid wastes generated at Patrol Bases (PBs) or Combat Outposts (COPs). The system is designed to recover heat and use innovative approaches to dispose of the waste in an efficient and… More

ABSTRACT: Aircraft electromechanical actuators are dispersed throughout the aircraft and cannot utilize existing ECS or PTMAS for cooling. They must be cooled by passive thermal management system to maintain component reliability and longevity, particularly in high ambient temperature environments.… More

Altex Technologies and the Pennsylvania State University propose the BioPure-FC biogas purification system, which is designed to purify biogas from landiflls and wastewater-treatement plants to levels compatible with fuel-cell systems. PSU's novel sorbents combined with Altex's… More

Airborne high energy laser thermal management systems need lightweight and compact radiators. An innovative radiator heat exchanger concept has been identified, which can help reduce thermal management system weight and volume, to below 100 lbs and 8 cubic feet, respectively, while also reducing… More