Award Data

Coal fired Gasifer Combined Cycles (GCC) have both high efficiency and very low emissions. A critical need for GCCs is a method of removing the H2S produced from the sulfur in the coal from the hot gases. There has been extensive research on hot gas clean-up systems, focused on the use of a zinc oxide based sorbent (e.g., zinc titanate). Unfortunately, current sorbents are relatively expensive, ...

The catastrophic drinking water treatment plant failure in March 1993 in Milwaukee was a direct result of the inability to control coagulant chemical dosage during significant changed in raw water quality. This event largely dispelled the myth that only small water utilities were vulnerable to such control problems. The current state of this critical technology, coagulant dose control, is woeful ...

Coal is the largest source of power generation in the U.S.A. but its conbustionproduces SOx and NOx which must be removed from the flue gas. Current removaltechniques (limestone base Flue Gas Desulfurization and Selective CatalyticReduction) are effective but expensive due to the large amouth of sorbentconsumed. The leading regenerable process is the NOXSO process, which wses asodium aluminate s ...

The combustion of fossil fuels, particularly coal, introduces large quantities of arsenic into the environment, much of which reaches natural waters. Acute arsenic poisoning results from ingestion of only 100 mg of the element, while chronic poisoning occurs with the continued ingestion of smaller amounts. Processes developed for arsenic removal from drinking water are appropriate for small volu ...

Nitrogen oxides (NO and NOx, collectively referred to as NOx) are among the mostpervasive and difficult emissions to control. NOx emissions can be reducedsomewhat by combustion modification techniques, but these reduce operatingefficiency and will not reduce levels to meet requirements of currentlegislation. Post combustion control is also difficult. Currently, there areno commercial catalytic ...

Small drinking water systems consistently provide safe, reliable drinking water to their customers. However, challenges of such systems include lack of financial resources, aging infrastructure, cost of scale, and technical/logistical challenges associated with regulation compliance. The deployment of new cost-effective monitoring technologies, such as improved, low cost, in-line, in situ, and rem ...

Polyurethanes (PUs) are made by reacting two components, one of which has two or more hydroxyl (OH) groups (diol or polyol) while the second has two or more isocyanate (NCO) groups. Unfortunately, not only is the isocyanate component a powerful irritant, but sensitized subjects can suffer severe asthma attacks and even death when exposed to trace quantities that are well below permissible exposure ...

The need for a cost effective and cleaner method for MSW disposal hardly needs emphasizing. With EnerTech's slurry carbonization technology, liquid fuels, with a extremely low chlorine content, can be produced from RDF and are suitable for clean combustion in pulverized coal boilers. Objective of Phase I and II research is to accumulate necessary engineering data, from continuous pilot plants, t ...

Natural gas provided 30% of the energy consumed in the U.S. in 1992.Unfortunately, almost 25% of the U.S. gas reserves are contaminated with H2S.Due to its acidic nature and corrosivity, the H2S content of gas enteringpipelines must be lower than 4ppm.In a typical large gas plant, the H2S is stripped out of the natural gas by anaqueous amine solution. Upon regeneration, the amine solution produ ...

Atmospheric aerosols, also known as particulate matter (PM), play important roles in weather, climate and human health. Aerosol number, size and chemistry can all exhibit high degrees of spatial and temporal variability, thereby increasing the need for highly time-resolved analyses obtained over extensive time periods (weeks to years). Instrumentation for monitoring the physical characteristics of ...