Award Data

RADIOISOTOPE THERMOELECTRIC GENERATORS (RTGS) ARE COMMONLY USED AS POWER SOURCES FOR REMOTE ENVIRONMENTS. THESE UNITS USE XENON AS A HEAT TRANSFER AGENT. IT IS ALSO NECESSARY TO FILL THE RTGS WITH HELIUM TO A 5% CONCENTRATION LEVEL, SINCE THE HELIUM SERVES AS A LEAK DETECTION AGENT. HOWEVER, HELIUM ALSO CAUSES A 5% TO 10% DECREASE IN THE ELECTRICAL EFFICIENCY OF THE RTG. IT IS THEREFORE DESIRABLE ...

ADA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. PROPOSED TO DEVELOP A CONTINUOUS INSITU ANALYZER THAT IS CAPABLE OF MONITORING THE CONCENTRATION OF AMMONIA IN A COAL GASIFICATION GAS STREAM TO PROVIDE A PROCESS CONTROLLER FOR HOT GAS CLEANUP SYSTEMS. A PHOTODIODE ARRAY ULTRA VIOLET (UV) ABSORPTION SPECTROMETER WILL BE EVALUATED AT TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES REPRESENTATIVE OF GASIFIER PROCESSES. THIS TECHNIQUE IS PRACTICAL ...

THE SUCCESSFUL DEVELOPMENT OF A SINGLE AIR POLLUTION CONTROLDEVICE FOR SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2), NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX), AND PARTICULATE CONTROL CAN PROVIDE A COST-EFFECTIVE MEANS FOR COMPLIANCE WITH 1990 AMENDMENTS TO THE CLEAN AIR ACT FOR COAL-FIRED UTILITY BOILERS. THE TECHNOLOGY FOR COMBINED COLLECTION OF BOTH SO2 AND PARTICULATES IS READILY AVAILABLE. HOWEVER, TO COMBINE NOX CONTROL WITH SUCH SYST ...

TYPICALLY, DNA SEQUENCING IS ACCOMPLISHED USING ELECTROPHORESIS GELS SEVERAL HUNDRED MICRONS THICK, BECAUSE THESE GELS TRANSPORT THE NECESSARY CONCENTRATION OF DNA FRAGMENT MARKERS (FLUORESCENT OR RADIOACTIVE), AND BECAUSE THE TECHNOLOGY FOR UTILIZING THESE GELS IS MATURE. RECENT WORK HAS SHOWN THAT BETTER RESOLUTION CAN BE OBTAINED WITH THINNER GELS AND, WITH A CORRESPONDING REDUCTION IN MIGRATIO ...

CHEMICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL THERAPIES FOR CANCER OFFER PROMISE FOR CONTROLLING LIMITED NUMBERS OF SYSTEMICALLY DISPERSED TUMOR CELLS; HOWEVER, LOCALIZED TREATMENT MODALITIES ARE REQUIRED FOR MANY TUMOR TYPES THAT ARE UNRESPONSIVE TO CURRENT THERAPIES. BRAIN TUMORS, WHICH ARE PROTECTED BY THE BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER, REQUIRE ADDITIONAL EMPHASIS. BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY (BNCT) RELIES ON THE CAPTURE ...

THIS PROJECT WILL DEVELOP A RELIABLE, HIGH EFFICIENCY, VERSATILE LIQUID HELIUM (LHE) PUMP FOR THE SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER (SSC). SEVERAL INNOVATIVE DESIGN FEATURES WILL BE INCORPORATED TO GIVE THE PUMP THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS: 1) A HERMETIC DESIGN WILL ELIMINTE ALL DYNAMIC SEALS, 2) A NON-CONTAMINATING, RELIABLE BEARING SYSTEM WILL NOT DISSIPATE ANY POWER TO THE LHE, 3) THERMAL ISOLAT ...

BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY (BNCT) HAS A CLEAR THEORETICALADVANTAGE OVER OTHER TECHNIQUES AS A METHOD OF DELIVERING CELL-KILLING RADIATION TO TUMORS. NEW BORON COMPOUNDS ARE NEEDED WHICH CAN SELECTIVELY LOCALIZE IN TUMORS AND UPON CAPTURE OF THERMAL OR EPITHERMAL NEUTRONS, PRODUCE RADIATION WHICH KILLS TUMOR CELLS BUT SPARES NORMAL TISSUE AND BLOOD. THE PHASE I EFFORT STARTS WITH THE PREMISE THA ...

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A MAJOR CAUSE OF AIR POLLUTION AND ACID RAIN IS EMISSIONS OF SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2) AND NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX) IN FLUE GASES. ADVANCED FLUE GAS CLEANUP TECHNOLOGIES CURRENTLY UNDER DEVELOPMENT PRODUCE CONCENTRATED STREAMS OF SO2 AND NOX. THIS CONCENTRATED STREAM SHOULD BE CONVERTED INTO VALUABLE BY-PRODUCTS TO REDUCE THE COST OF EMISSIONS CONTROL. CURRENT CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES ARE EXPENSIVE AND REQ ...

THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO APPLY TO GEOPHYSICAL MAPPING A NOVEL POWER SOURCE CONSISTING OF A MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC (MHD) GENERATOR DRIVEN BY A CHEMICALLY HEATED, NONEQUILIBRIUM GAS PLASMA. THIS APPLICATION REQUIRES 1 TO 3 MWE POWER PULSES OF 10- TO 30-SEC DURATION REPEATED SEVERAL TIMES PER HOUR. A COMBUSTOR DIRECTLY HEATSTHE MHD WORKING GAS TO CONDITIONS AT WHICH VERY HIGH POWER DENSITIES ...