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ONE KEY PROBLEM IN MAKING LOW ABSORBANCE MEASUREMENTS IS THERANDOM NOISE GENERATED IN VARIOUS SYSTEM COMPONENTS SUCH AS PHOTODETECTORS, ETC. ANOTHER CLASS OF PROBLEMS ARE ENVIRONMENTAL IN ORIGIN, SUCH AS AIRBORNE OR SAMPLE-BORNE CONTAMINATION, AND SCHLIEREN EFFECTS. THE PROPOSED INSTRUMENT, BASED ON WELL KNOWN WAVELENGTH MODULATION TECHNIQUES, BUT NOVEL IN CERTAIN CRITICAL ASPECTS, SUBSTANTIALLY R ...

MAPPING AND SEQUENSING THE DNA IN THE HUMAN GENOME IS OF CRUCIAL IMPORTANCE TO FUTURE MEDICAL ADVANCES AND ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS. UTILIZATION OF DNA PROBES LABELED WITH DOZENS OF STABLE ISOTOPES INSTEAD OF A SINGLE RADIOISOTOPE COULD INCREASE THE RATE OF SEQUENCE DETERMINATION 100-FOLD OR MORE COMPARED TO CURRENT METHODS. THIS PROJECT INVOLVES A NEW APPROACH, LASER ATOMIZATION RESONANCE IONIZAT ...

CHROMIUM DEFICIENCY CAUSES SEVERE INSULIN RESISTANCE AND GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE. AVERAGE DIETARY CHROMIUM INTAKE IN THEUNITED STATES AND OTHER DEVELOPED COUNTRIES IS MARGINAL AND MAY CONTRIBUTE TO THE HIGH FREQUENCY OF DIABETES PLAGUING DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. THE MAJOR CLINICAL CHROMIUM EVALUATIONPROBLEM IS THE ASSESSMENT OF CHROMIUM STATUS. DETERMINATIONOF CHROMIUM STATUS HAS BEEN DIFFICULT BECAUSE OF ...

THIS PROJECT WILL ESTABLISH THE POTENTIAL FOR RAPID RESPONSE, HIGH RESOLUTION DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF INFRARED (IR) ACTIVE POLLUTANT MOLECULES, SUCH AS S02, N0, AND N02. MINIATURE OPTICAL HEAT PIPES WILL BE CONSTRUCTED AND OPTIMIZED FOR THE GENERATION OF TUNABLE IR LASER LIGHT BY MEANS OF STIMULATED ELECTRON RAMAN SCATTERING (SERS). THE HEAT PIPES WILL USE ALKALI METAL VAPORS AT PRESSURE ...

THE TECHNICAL OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROPOSAL ARE ORIENTED TOWARD THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOIL SURFACTANT FLUSHING AND WASHING AS A LOW-COST, LOW-IMPACT, LOW-RISK, EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUE FOR THE REMOVAL AND ULTIMATE DESTRUCTION OF THE ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS IN SOIL. THESE OBJECTIVES ARE: DEMONSTRATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AN IONIC SURFACTANT SOLUTION AT CONCENTRATIONS ABOVE THE CRITICAL MICELLE CONCENTRATION ...

THE PROPOSED RESEARCH IS DESIGNED TO UTILIZE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY FOR ASSISTING USERS LOCATING AND UNDERSTANDING TECHNICAL INFORMATION IN MANUALS USED FOR PLANNING AND CONDUCTING WIND TUNNEL TESTS AND INCREASING THEEFFICIENCY OF PERSONNEL TRAINING IN WIND TUNNEL TESTING PROCEDURES. THE OBJECTIVE IS TO CREATE A COMPUTERIZED MANUAL IN THE FORM OF HYPERTEXT AND AN ADVISORY SYSTEM WHICHS ...

EFFECTIVE PREDICTION OF GLOBAL PHENOMENA REQUIRES DETAILED KNOWLEDGE OF TEMPERATURES, RAINFALL RATES, AND PARTICLE SIZEDISTRIBUTIONS. IN PARTICULAR, KNOWLEDGE OF TROPICAL RAINFALL RATES IS IMPORTANT FOR UNDERSTANDING THE MAGNITUTE OF THE EFFECT OF TROPICAL LATENT HEATING ON GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION. SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS OF TROPICALPRECIPITATION PATTERNS HAVE BEEN PROPOSED USING SENSITIVE, ...

THE LONG-TERM OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE TO DEVELOP METHODOLOGIES AND A KNOWLEDGE BASE THAT WILL ENHANCE THE UTILIZATION OF FELINE T-CELL LYMPHOTROPIC LENTIVIRUS (FTLV) AS A SMALL-LABORATORY ANIMAL MODEL OF HIV. IN PHASE I, A FTLV ANTIGEN TEST WILL BE DEVELOPED THAT WILL AUGMENT EXISTING ANTIBODY TESTS AND PROVIDE VETERINARIANS AND RESEARCH SCIENTISTS WITH DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS TO MONITOR FTLV INFE ...

THIS PROPOSAL DESCRIBES A PROJECT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF A PORTABLE CRYOGENIC COOLER FOR RADIATION DETECTORS THAT WEIGHS LESS THAN 10 KG COMPLETE WITH A ONE WEEK SUPPLY OF CRYOGEN, IS SELF REGULATING IN CRYOGEN CONSUMPTION TO PROVIDE RAPID COOL DOWN OR RESPONSE TO TRANSIENT DEMANDS WHILE MAINTAINING MINIMUM CONSUMPTION DURING STEADY STATE OPERATION, REQUIRES NO ELECTRICAL POWER, AND HAS NO CRITICAL MO ...

THE DETECTION OF NEUTRONS NORMALLY IS A PROBLEM BECAUSE OF THEIR LACK OF CHARGE AND THEREFORE WEAK INTERACTION WITH MATTER. NEUTRON INDUCEDCONDUCTIVITY CHANGES OFFER THE OPPORTUNITY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DIRECT MEANS OF MEASURING NEUTRON FLUENCES. DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC POLYMER-BASED FAST AND THERMAL NEUTRON IS BEING INVESTIGATED AND IS ANTICIPATED TO BE CAPABLE OF DIRECTLY MEASURING NEUTRON FL ...