Award Data

Major improvements in process control, compliance monitoring, and environmental decisionmaking could be made if more accurate, less costly, more rugged techniques were available for continuous monitoring of multiple gas phase pollutants. As part of the solution, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is emerging as a promising Field Analytical Method (FAM) for multiple gas monitoring. H ...

Many DOD systems employ rechargeable batteries to supply power. Battery weight, volume, cycle life and cost are generally limited considerations in enabling satisfactory mission performance. Systems presently utilize Lead-Acid, Nickel-Cadmium, Nickel-Metal Hydride or Lithium-Iobatteries. The Nickel-Metal Hydride (Ni-MN) system is now under study as a superior candidate for many applications. El ...

Chlorinated hydrocarbons represent the most prevalent contaminants of groundwater in the country. When released in the subsurface, they tend to persist below the water table, and it can take decades or centuries before slow-moving groundwater completely dissolves accumulations of chlorinated solvent product. Analytical methods currently available for monitoring these compounds require extensive ...

Heavy metal species mobilized and released into the environment by technological activities tend to persist indefinitely, circulating and eventually accumulating throughout the food chain, posing a serious threat to the environment, animals, and humans. Typical industrial metal-containing discharges can be considered as point-source emissions, which in turn offer the possibility of feasible remed ...

This proposal focuses on the development of heterostructure acoustic charge transport (HACT) Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) structures, which potentially address a larger number of pixels with substantially fewer interconnects, as input and output devices for a 3-D volume optical memory. Unlike other types of SLMs, HACT addressing of a 10(6) pixel array requires only 3x1024 interconnects in place ...

Current angular multiplexed holographic memory systems are facing obstacles in the area of dynamic control of two dimensional page oriented data. In order to massively store high density two-dimensional images and access all these stored images in a very short time without any moving parts, an innovative page-addressing delfector is required. Existing page-addressing deflectors requires a moving ...

Current methods of testing water supplies for Cryptosporidium parvum are inadequate. The lack of a reliable test led the EPA to postpone enactment of its Information Collection Rule for 2 years. The rule was recently enacted, despite any further development in testing methodologies. The EPA-approved test detects between 5% and 21% of the total Cryptosporidium known to be present in a sample. Thi ...

Those battery systems that are currently readily available (lead-acid and nickel-cadmium), as well as those that are only now becoming a vailable in limited sizes and capacities (nickel-metal hydride and lithium-ion), can provide ample power for most portable equipment applications but the energy density/specific energy performance often resultsin inadequate run times. In contrast, the zinc-ai ...

Yardney Technical Products proposes to develop low cost, long life, safe and environmentally benign lithium-ion batteries ideal for applications sensitive to operational and disposal costs as well as safety andperformance criteria. Phase I of the proposed project will focus on the selection and development of battery materials. A lithiated manganese oxide will be selected as an active cathode ma ...

OZONE IS A VALUABLE ALTERNATE TO CHLORINE FOR THE DISINFECTION OF WASTEWATER AND WATER. IT GENERATES NO CHLORINATED ORGANICS AND LEAVES NO RESIDUALS HARMFUL TO HUMAN HEALTH OR TOXIC TO MARINE LIFE. THE OZONE REACTS THROUGH FREE RADICAL OR POLAR MECHANISMS UNDER WATER TREATMENT CONDITIONS DEPENDING ON PH AND OTHER FACTORS. THE MECHANISM OF BACTERIAL DISINFECTION IS NOT COMPLETELY UNDERSTOOD. THE OZ ...