Award Data

DISEASES OF THE LIVER ARE A MAJOR HEALTH PROBLEM. DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES TO PREDICT LIVER FAILURE ARE INTERPRETABLE IN TERMS OF OVERALL LIVER FUNCTION, NOT IN TERMS OF ANATOMIC STRUCTURE. ANATOMICAL INFORMATION ON LIVER HAS BEEN OBTAINED BY USING RADIOACTIVE COLLOIDS. THESE MATERIALS ARE TAKEN UP BY KUPFFER CELLS (3% OF LIVER MASS) AND NOT BY HEPATOCYTES (90% OF LIVER MASS), THE MAIN METABOLIZING C ...

POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PET) IS A NONINVASIVE, MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUE THAT PROVIDES AN IMAGE OF A POSITRON-EMITTING RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL AND ITS DISTRIBUTION IN THE BODY ON A METABOLIC LEVEL. IT IS BECOMING AN IMPORTANT FUNDAMENTAL TOOL FOR BOTH CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS AND MEDICAL RESEARCH. THE HEART OF THIS INSTRUMENT IS A LARGE, CIRCULAR ARRAY OF GAMMA-RAY DETECTORS. THE COMPLEXITY, COST, AND ...

ONE OF THE MOST PROMISING NEW APPROACHES FOR RAPID PORTAL IMAGING IN RADIATION THERAPY IS THE SCANNING SYSTEM UNDER DEVELOPMENT AT JOHNS HOPKINS MEDICAL SHCOOL. THIS SYSTEM USES A LINEAR ARRAY OF DIODES TO GENERATE AN IMAGE AND HAS SEVERAL APPEALING ASPECTS, INCLUDING THE ABILITY TO PRODUCE AN IMAGE IN REAL TIME. THE FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEM WITH THE DIODE-ARRAY SCANNING SYSTEM AS IT NOW EXISTS IS THAT ...

IN ORDER TO CREATE A VACCINE STRAIN ATTENUATED FOR VIRULENCETHREE STRAINS OF VACCINIA VIRUS THE NEW YORK CITY BOARD OF HEALTH VACCINE STRAIN AND TWO MORE VIRULENT DERIVATIVES, THEWESTERN RESERVE AND THE INTERNATIONAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT J STRAINS, WILL BE USED TO PREPARE RECOMBINANT VIRUSES DELETEDFOR SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS. THE GENES SELECTED FOR DELETION ENCODE FUNCTIONS THAT (1) ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR T ...

IT IS PROPOSED TO DEVELOP AND EVALUATE AN ARCHITECTURE FOR A MULTIELEMENT RADAR RECEIVING ARRAY WHICH PERFORMS DIGITAL BEAM FORMING (DBF) WITHIN THE RECEIVING ARRAY ITSELF, USING EACH ELEMENT AS A NODE OF A SYSTOLIC-LIKE ARRAY PROCESSOR. THE PROCESSOR ASSOCIATED WITH EACH ELEMENT OF THE ARRAY WILL PRODUCE A DIFFERENT SPATIAL BEAM. THIS DISTRIBUTED ARRAY PROCESSING CAPABILITY CAN BE REALIZED BY ADD ...

THE LONG-RANGE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP A MULTIPLE-MODALITY ASSISTIVE LISTENING DEVICE (ALD) THAT HELPS HEARING-IMPAIRED INDIVIDUALS UNDERSTAND SPEECH IN HIGHAMBIENT NOISE. TWO IMPORTANT REQUIREMENTS ARE THAT THE SYSTEM BE COMPATIBLE WITH ALL EXISTING ALD TYPES (FM, IR, AND INDUCTION) AND THAT A HAND-HELD HIGHLY DIRECTIONAL MICROPHONE ARRAY BE INCLUDED. THE SYSTEM HAS TWO MAIN MODULES: A ...

THE OVERALL OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP SUSTAINED ACTION INJECTABLE BIODEGRADABLE L-METHADONE MICROCAPSULES WHICH WILL MAINTAIN PLASMA LEVELS OF 200 NG/ML FOR ONE WEEK. PHASE I SBIR SUPPORT IS SOUGHT FOR A SIX MONTH PERIOD TO CONDUCT PRELIMINARY FEASIBILITY STUDIES. DURING PHASE I METHADONE MICROCAPSULES WILL BE PREPARED FROMSEVERAL POLYMERS USING BIOTEK'S AIR SUSPENSION PROCESS. INITIA ...

THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO PROVIDE A TREATMENT FOR NEUROLOGICAL CONDITIONS, SUCH AS EPILEPSY, STROKE, TRAUMA, AND A NUMBER OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES, THAT INVOLVE, OR ARE CAUSED BY, EXCESSIVE EXCITATION OF NERVE CELLS BY AGONISTS OF THE NMDA SUBTYPE OF GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS. EXPERIMENTS HAVE DEMONSTRATED THAT CERTAIN N,N'-DISUBSTITUTED GUANIDINES BIND TO THE PCP RECEPTOR ASSOCIATED WITH THE ...

A VARIETY OF DATA, FROM BOTH ANIMAL AND HUMAN BEHAVIORAL INVESTIGATIONS AND RECEPTOR STUDIES, IMPLICATES THE SIGMA RECEPTOR IN THE ACTIONS OF CERTAIN PSYCHOTOMIMETIC DRUGS (BENZOMORPHAN OPIATES, PCP) AND ALSO CERTAIN NOVEL ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS UNDER DEVELOPMENT (RIMCAZOLE, REMOXIPRIDE). DI-O-TOLYLGUANIDINE (DTG) APPEARS TO BE ONE OF THE MOST SELECTIVE AND POTENT LIGANDS FOR THE SIGMA RECEPTOR AND S ...

THE EXCITATORY AMINO ACID (EAA) NEUROTRANSMITTERS, SUCH AS GLUTAMATE AND ASPARTATE, HAVE BEEN IMPLICATED IN THE PATHOLOGY OF A NUMBER OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS, INCLUDING EPILEPSY, STROKE/ANOXIA, AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES. DRUGS THAT ANTAGONIZE EAA NEUROTRANSMISSION OFFER A NOVEL APPROACH TO TREATING THESE DISORDERS. THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO ISOLATE NOVEL AND SPECIFIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR ...