Award Data

70042S02-II The quantification of sources and sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide would be greatly facilitated by the development of a new detector for this important greenhouse gas. In particular a lightweight CO2 sonde, similar to the widely used ozonesonde, could be used to estimate landscape-scale (approximately 100 km2) fluxes of CO2 from vertical profiles through the convective boundary ...

The new 10-ppb drinking water standard for arsenic is expected to impact 10% of the nation's community drinking water systems. Large water systems can remove arsenic through their chemical coagulation processes; however, compliance is a much greaterchallenge for systems supplying fewer than 10,000 users, so called

72679S03-I Decontamination activities at DOE facilities often generate unwanted airborne contamination, thereby hindering clean-up operations. This project will develop electro-decontamination technology as a safe and cost effective way of removing radioactive contamination from metals without causing further airborne contamination. Electro-decontamination combines strippable coatings and elect ...

72412S03-I For permeable reactive barriers used to treat contaminated groundwater plumes, most installations use zero-valent iron to reduce halogenated hydrocarbons and oxyanions, such as chromate. In highly oxygenated, carbonate-rich groundwater, the corrosion rate of the iron is accelerated, impacting the longevity of the barrier, and biofilms of autotrophic bacteria may clog the porosity, div ...

70474B02-II Phytoremediation is a largely experimental technique to remove excessive amounts of metals from contaminated soils. However, currently available measurement and analysis techniques are slow and expensive, thus impeding metals remediation using this desirable approach. Technology is needed for the immediate and inexpensive assessment of metals accumulation in plants during phytoext ...

72275S03-I With the ever-present threat of terrorist attacks on American soil, it is increasingly important to monitor pre-nuclear-event warning signs and provide post-nuclear-event assessment for use in consequence management and emergency response. In particular, major urban centers are potential targets of nuclear attacks, ¿dirty bomb¿ attacks, and chemical/biological agent attacks. This p ...

72323B03-I The exploration of certain regimes of high energy physics will require the development of photocathodes with emitted electron spin-polarizations above 90%. Emitted electron spin-polarizations approaching 90% have been achieved, but at the expense of quantum yield. Because natural diffusion spatial spread disfavors complete transport to the emitting surface, this project will deve ...

72212-The uniform dispersion of nanoceramic filler particles within a polymer matrix, for producing high quality polymer/ceramic nanocomposites, is a very time-and energy-intensive process. The development of efficient methods for uniformly dispersing nanoceramic inclusions, which are well-adhered to the polymer throughout the polymer matrix, and for fabricating parts from such composites at low ...

Ascension Technology proposes to develop a fast, new six degrees-of-freedom tracker, phasorBIRDTM, immune to cockpit and helmet scatterers of magnetic/electrical field energy. It will integrate seamlessly with training simulators, aircraft, tanks, andcombat air operations centers (CAOCs). Design features will enable it to exceed static accuracy and repeatability of the best magnetic trackers while ...

70747S02-II Instrumentation is needed to quantify all significant sources and sinks of man-made carbon dioxide. The information generated would, in turn, enable accurate predictions of the impact of carbon dioxide on the Earth¿s climate. This project will integrate an existing carbon dioxide analyzer into a functional detection system. In Phase I, the previously developed carbon dioxide ana ...