Award Data

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THE MATERIALS USED IN THIN-FILM PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS AND MANY OTHER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES ARE FREQUENTLY GROWN USING CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION (CVD) OR OTHER VAPOR-BASED PROCESSES. MANY OF THE PROCESS GASES USED, FOR EXAMPLE, ARSINE, PHOSPHINE, AMMONIA, DIBORANE, AND SILANE, ARE HIGHLY REACTIVE. CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL OR PARTICULATE, OF THESE REACTIVE GASES SERIOUSLY INTERFERES WITH DEVICE PERFORMA ...

THIS RESEARCH PROJECT WILL DEMONSTRATE THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF A MAGNETIC SEPARATOR FOR OPERATION ON PULVERIZED COAL. A THEORETICAL COMPARISON OF THE SEPARATOR WITH WORK PUBLISHED ON OPEN GRADIENT MAGNETIC SEPARATION BY THE OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY INDICATES THAT THE SEPARATOR WILL HAVE HIGH LEVELS OF ASH CLEANING. THIS IS BECAUSE OF ITS COUNTERCURRENT PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION ...

THE RECENT DISCOVERY OF HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS HAS LED TO RENEWED INTEREST IN THE APPLICATION OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY. THE NEW CERAMIC SUPERCONDUCTORS OFFER THE OPPORTUNITY OF USING THESE MATERIALS AS DETECTORS OF INFRARED RADIATION MORE CONVENIENTLY THAT THE OLDER, CLASSICAL SUPERCONDUCTORS. THE LARGER ENERGY GAP OF THESE NEW HIGH CRITICAL TEMPERATURE (T(C)) MATERIALS ALSO PROVID ...

IT HAS BEEN DETERMINED IN BENCH SCALE AND PILOT SCALE COAL LIQUEFACTION EXPERIMENTS THAT A PRETREATMENT AT MODERATE TEMPERATURES PRIOR TO LIQUEFACTION CAN SUBSTANTIALLY IMPROVELIQUEFACTION YIELDS AND QUALITY. HOWEVER, THERE IS LITTLE BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROCESSES THAT GIVE RISE TO THE OBSERVED PHENOMENA. THIS PROJECT SUGGESTS THE IDENTIFICATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE PRELIQUEFACTION CHEMIS ...

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THERE IS A NEED FOR AN INEXPENSIVE, COMPACT, LOW MAINTENANCE SUB-PICOSECOND OPTICAL PULSE SOURCE TO DRIVE AN OPTICALLY SAMPLED AND TRIGGERED OSCILLOSCOPE. ADEQUATE LASER SOURCES PRESENTLY OCCUPY TEN SQUARE FEET AND REQUIRE REGULAR MAINTENANCE, 20 KW OF ELECTRICITY, AND COOLING WATER; AND THEY COMPRISE THE MAIN COST ITEM IN THE PICOSECOND OSCILLOSCOPE. THE NEW PULSED LASER UNDER DEVELOPMENT IN THIS ...

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THIS RESEARCH PROJECT UNDERTAKES TO DETERMINE THE LIGHT SCATTERING OF BUBBLES IN A MEDIUM WHEREIN THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF THE SCATTERING MEDIUM IS LESS THAN THAT OF THE SURROUNDINGS. THE RESEARCH WILL FOCUS FIRST ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF APPROPRIATE SOFTWARE TO INCORPORATE INTO AN EXISTING INSTRUMENT TO DETERMINE THE SIZE AND VELOCITY OF THE BUBBLES TOGETHER WITH THEIR NUMBER DENSITY, MASS FLUX, AND ...