Award Data

78365 Free-surface, flowing, liquid-metal cooling systems are an option for the removal of heat from energy-producing fusion devices. However, these free flowing liquid films are difficult to direct and contain because of their interactions with the high energy plasma and the powerful magnetic fields present in these machines. This project will develop a, capillary assisted, thin flowing, lithi ...

75554B Fuel cells are an efficient, combustion-less, virtually pollution-free source of power. In particular, Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells are ideal for a number of applications, due to their ¿quick¿ warm-up characteristics. However, these fuel cells contain some inherent inefficiencies, which results in waste heat that must be removed rapidly via a coolant ¿ currently, either D ...

79359S05 There is an urgent need at neutron user-facilities worldwide to eliminate problems caused by magnetic stray fields from high-field, split-pair superconducting magnets. There is also a growing demand within the neutron scattering community for high-field, split-pair magnets that can be used for polarized beam experiments without sacrificing field strength or field uniformity. None of the ...

75272B Transmission Electron Microscopy is a technique that allows materials to be analyzed to the nanometer and sub-nanometer scales. The next level of materials analysis will require the ability to perform dynamic experimentation within the microscope, which would require specialized specimen holding technology to perform the desired experiments. This project addresses the treatment of a spec ...

79281S In the U.S., the production of 4.6 billion pounds of Nylon-6 and Nylon-6,6 starts with the liquid-phase oxidation of 3.5 billion pounds of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone/cyclohexanol, and the subsequent oxidation of the latter to adipic acid with HNO3. The liquid-phase cyclohexane oxidation, which operates at only 4-10% cyclohexane conversion, is the ¿least efficient¿ industrial process, a ...

78999S The development of new technologies for the rapid and accurate detection of indicators of diseases such as cancer will have a significant impact on human health. Current diagnostics are performed in highly sophisticated clinical laboratories, which requires significant overhead investment in instrumentation and highly trained medical technology staff. Furthermore, most tests are time con ...

75353-Low cost, self-powered wireless sensors that never require battery changing or other maintenance are needed for U.S. industrial production lines, in cars and buildings, and power generation systems. Systems of these sensors will enable a revolution in industrial efficiency, safety, and reduced maintenance costs. This project will develop a wireless sensor with an integrated vibration-power ...

78954 The DOE has expressed a need for developing tools that can improve and simplify production of radiolabeled compounds. Conventional synthesis of PET radiotracers is hampered by the complex and sensitive synthesis processes that often produce low yields, consume costly precursors, and can take hours to complete. If fluoride ion could be concentrated into microliter volumes of dry solvent qui ...

78966S The DOE has expressed a need for novel probes for biomedical applications as well as radio tracers for functional molecular imaging. Synthesis of novel probes and radiotracers, particularly new PET biomarkers, is difficult and costly and is limiting the utility of PET imaging technology. There is a need for rapid production of multiple and novel biomakers with PET radiolabels from a sing ...

78109 Large-area, position-sensitive silicon strip detector arrays are being developed for nuclear physics research. In this application, the traditional electronic processing of the detector signals, along with mixed analog and digital function blocks, largely determines the complexity and cost of such systems. Next generation electronics systems are being constructed using pipelined digital pr ...