Award Data

PROJECT SUMMARY Decades of modulating the anti-cancer activity of fluoropyrimidine drugs (FPs) thru schedule optimization, biochemical modulation, and drug combinations have provided a significant, but limited, survival advantage for treating colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease (mCRC). However, outcomes remain poor for patients with mCRC and since targeted ...

PROJECT SUMMARY Although the ubiquity of metabolic problems in pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been known for more than a decade, a wealth of new details on the nature of this problem presents the opportunity for intervention. A combination of experimental work in cells and animals and early trials in humans, suggests that these metabolic problems are part of the causation for PH, and that inactiv ...

Annually, approximately 100,000 patients in the USA suffer from intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), which is associated with high mortality rates and poor long-term cognitive and physical recovery. At present, no pharmacological therapies have been demonstrated to improve functional outcomes after ICH. However, we have successfully demonstrated that CN-105, a pentapeptide derived from the receptor bin ...

Project SummaryWe propose developing and validating a novel platform technology that combines the collection and chemical analysis of ultrafine particles using an in-situ multispectral technique. The sample, collected directly onto the analysis substrate, is analyzed via excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy. This approach will be validated against laboratory combustion-generated aerosols, ...

ABSTRACTMicroscale simulations have been applied to a number of complex microfluidic systems and biological applications, but existing methods are limited in the scale and scope of problems that are addressable. Thermodynamically constrained averaging theory (TCAT) is an established approach that can be used to formulate customized macroscale models that are consistent with microscale physics and ...

Summary Being able to predict interactions with important human transporters would be of value to new drug design to avoid compounds that interact with them and cause undesirable side effects. Conversely, some drug transporters can be used for targeting molecules to specific organs and this may have considerable utility. Understanding the interactions of novel drugs, natural products and environme ...

To support DTRA’s agent-defeat efforts, we will refine a laser-based Optical Thermocouple (OTC) technology and build and deliver to DTRA a hardened OTC prototype. This OTC system will be capable of quantifying the localized temporal evolution of temperature inside a detonation environment. The OTC technology is based on two-color fluorescence thermometry to determine the temperature. After laser ...

Each year, millions of Americans receive evidence-based psychotherapies (EBPs) such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for the treatment of mental and behavioral health problems. Yet, at present, there is no scalable method for evaluating the quality of psychotherapy services. In research settings, human-based behavioral coding methods are used, but these are time consuming, costly, and rarely ...

Psychosis resulting from schizophrenia spectrum disorders and major mood disorders is one of the most disabling health concerns worldwide. Evidence-based psychotherapeutic interventions are recommended as standard of care by national psychosis treatment guidelines but are rarely accessible. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is the most well-researched psychotherapy for psychotic di ...

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a powerful technique for imaging biological molecules in which samples are preserved in a frozen, hydrated state before imaging using an electron beam. The technique provides an alternative to X-ray crystallography for structural characterization of biological samples that are not crystallizable or do not crystallize in their native state. While cryo- EM sampl ...