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Project Summary Technology advances now enable the cost effective acquisition of Kandgt distinct data types from a common set of N bio samples where i the kth data type is represented by a data matrix with columns containing Pk measurements in N samples for k K and ii at least one of the data types is big i e Pk is much bigger than N for some k The rapid accumulation of such mult ...

Abstract Alcohol and illicit drug use remain highly prevalent in the US, and epidemiological surveillance surveys estimate that over 20.6 million individuals (~ 8% of the US population) meet standard diagnostic thresholds for substance use disorders (SAMHSA, 2011). Outpatient substance abuse treatment is the predominate method of treatment in the US for SUDs, typically involving intermittent cont ...

? DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): NMR is probably the most powerful and widely used analytical technique for structure determination and function elucidation of molecules of all types, but it suffers from low sensitivity, particularly for insoluble biological macromolecules. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) with Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) has recently demonstrated S/N gains exceeding t ...

ABSTRACT Recent studies of the applicants support the role of the endogenous gaseous biological mediator hydrogen sulfide H S in colorectal cancer In specific the selective upregulation of cystathionine synthase CBS and the subsequent production of H S in colonic cancer cells serves as a pro survival factor by stimulating tumor cell bioenergetics ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. There is a clear need for more effective therapies to treat deadly pancreatic cancer disease. MicroRNAs (miRNA or miR) are a large group of short, noncoding RNAs that control posttranscriptional gene expression in human cells, and there is increasing evidence for the exi ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Several disorders in reproductive medicine are results of changes in smooth muscle contractile activity. Increased myometrial contraction can lead to preterm labor, which affects 12% of the US population. However, the mechanisms involved in the transition from uterine quiescence to contractility at the onset of labor are not well-known. As a result, the managem ...

PROJECT SUMMARY Probiotics hold enormous potential for promoting human health and treating disease One major hurdle to many probiotic products is their lack of persistence in the gut Monon Bioventures MBV and their research partners at the Research Institute at Nationwide Childrenandapos s Hospital RINCH are developing a novel enhanced tunable technology called ProNextTM that allows for a ...

PROJECT SUMMARY Dermal scarring affects more than million people worldwide annually over million people are injured in motor vehicle accidents over million patients are severely burned and thousands of warriors are wounded in military blasts In severe burns more than of patients develop hypertrophic scar contraction which leads to hypertrophic scar contractures HSc HSc a ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Metastasis or dissemination of primary tumor cells is the major cause of mortality in cancer patients Circulating tumor cells CTCs in the bloodstream are key players in the establishment of metastatic tumors Recent studies demonstrated that the number of CTCs present in patient blood directly correlate with cancer progression recurrence and survival rate ...

Project Summary Abstract Effective communication intervention depends on reliable tools for identifying communication concerns and tracking changes in skills Established tools for detecting and tracking skills in early intentional communicators i e directing a behavior such as reaching toward an adult to convey a message involve communication temptations and assessing a wide variety of child ...