Award Data

The US DoD requires robust ways of neutralizing threats posed by hostile powers and terrorist organizations that may be in possession of dangerous weapons of mass destruction (WMDs). Unfortunately, the weapons currently available to the DoD do not offer a way for the WMD to be destroyed without risking the spread of that material throughout the area. The strategy for the defeat of biological weapo ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Glycans have several distinct properties that make their development as disease biomarkers appealing Firstly their location on cell surfaces makes them the first point of contact for cellular interactions and thus they are crucial in the control of normal metabolic processes and conversely they function as pathogen adhesion receptors Secondly specific gl ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant The ability to accurately quantitate the glycan chains attached to glycoproteins has wide ranging implications Numerous studies over the past years have demonstrated that abnormal glycosylation occurs in virtually all types of human cancers and demonstrate the potential of using glycan markers in either a diagnostic or a prognostic manner The glycosylatio ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Although tyrosine phosphorylation is an important controlling element in cell signaling no tRNA suppressor for phosphotyrosine pTyr incorporation has yet been made We propose to use directed molecular evolution of several aminoacyl tRNA synthetases aaRSs to identify mutations that enable binding of pTyr to the aaRS Specifically ATP molecules will be att ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant This proposal will assess the quantitative capabilities of surface enhanced Raman scattering SERS detection of cocaine and marijuana metabolites in urine samples Combining low cost instrumentation and novel chemical sensing provides an innovative new approach for diagnosing illicit drug use Current methods use a colorimetric indicator to screen specimens fo ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Ocular graft versus host disease O GVHD is a particularly severe and debilitating complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation HSCT O GVHD develops in of patients with chronic GVHD Currently Restasis cyclosporine A is the only FDA approved prescription topical medication to treat O GVHD In Restasis had sales o ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant The EPA maintains a Toxics Release Inventory of over toxic chemicals that are disposed or released from more than industrial sites in the United States The Department of Health and Human Services and USDA maintain a list of over select agents and toxins that pose a severe risk to both human animal and plant health These compounds represent only ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant There are growing demands for D structure determination of nucleic acids and their protein complexes for understanding disease molecule level mechanisms and discovering innovative drugs X ray crystallography is one of the most direct and powerful tools for structure determination of these macromolecules and complexes However the crystallization and phase d ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant The most common metastatic site for hormone refractory prostate cancer HRPC PCa is bone While docetaxel can prolong the overall survival in patients with metastatic HRPC current treatments do not provide a cure Further complicating the matter HRPC is a disease that affects a variety of patients differently which can be problematic for physicians to prov ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Clinical trials testing the potential health benefits of immune enhancing dietary supplements have produced inconsistent results A major problem contributing to these inconsistent outcomes is that these studies have used a wide variety of poorly characterized products Attempts to solve this product quality control problem using chemical standardization method ...