Award Data

DESCRIPTIONprovided by applicantEffective early intervention depends on reliable screening of risk for communication impairments as soon as possibleEstablished infant communication risk factors include poor attentiongesturessocial connectednessexploratory playand speechAlthough these risk factors can be detected bymosand reliably predict later language and social disordersattempts to detect simila ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Safe and reliable access to major blood vessels and internal organs will be beneficial to patients with cardiovascular disease and cancer An interventional catheter with forward viewing ultrasound imaging capability will be developed to enable image guided access to blood vessels and internal organs Phase experiments demonstrate feasibility of building a hi ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Neglected Tropical Diseases NTD which include helminthiasis and leishmaniasis are a group of thirteen parasitic and bacterial infections that affect over billion people Although these are devastating diseases of global concern their neglected status relative to other health concerns has resulted in a limited arsenal of therapeutic compounds for their ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Aspergillosis is a severe fungal infection that most frequently involves the lungs in people who have immune deficiency caused by cancer chemotherapy and or transplantation Although good drugs are available establishing a diagnosis is difficult and late treatment has limited our progress in decreasing morbidity and mortality We observed that Aspergillus pol ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Glucocorticoids GCandapos s such as prednisolone are used frequently to induce remission and treat rheumatoid arthritis RA Despite effectiveness many GC mediated detrimental side effects including osteoporosis and muscle atrophy limit long term chronic treatment of RA patients In addition juvenile arthritis patients suffer from th side effect of signi ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Osteoarthritis OA diagnosed in over of the US population is the primary cause of musculoskeletal lower extremity disability Although there is no cure exercise remains the core treatment to manage OA regardless of age comorbidity pain severity or disability Yet many people with this condition do not engage in regular fitness and thus may resort t ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant The greatest challenge to auditory communication is background noise especially in the complex acoustic environments that are experienced in daily life This project proposes to develop a novel speech enhancement algorithm that is robust in the presence of everyday environmental interference The algorithm is inspired by recent findings related to the neural c ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Approximately of the population experiences elevated depressive symptoms Kubik et al Despite recent research suggesting that overall population mortality would be reduced by if the effects of subthreshold depression could be blocked completely the majority of individuals with elevated depressive symptoms never receive evidence based treat ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Substance use disorders SUDs continue to be one of the most serious public health problems in the US Studies have consistently documented a substantially higher prevalence of SUDs among individuals under criminal justice supervision At year end approximately million adults were on probation or parole in adults African American probationer ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant This proposal will assess the quantitative capabilities of surface enhanced Raman scattering SERS detection of cocaine and marijuana metabolites in urine samples Combining low cost instrumentation and novel chemical sensing provides an innovative new approach for diagnosing illicit drug use Current methods use a colorimetric indicator to screen specimens fo ...