Award Data

Assays for accurate diagnosis of early stages of infection with biothreat agents, on the day of infection or within a few days of infection, will find wide use in both civilian and military applications These diagnostic assays, which are anticipated to be highly specific and sensitive, will add to the repertoire of tools of hospitals and clinics that serve our armed forces personnel deployed on th ...

Currently spark ignition (SI) engines dominate the light vehicle market, with over 80 million light vehicle engines made worldwide. These SI engines experience exceptionally poor efficiency at low to medium loads and speeds, making it difficult to meet new fuel efficiency standards expected to be imposed in many countries. Low wall temperatures at the end of the combustion process leads to emissio ...

Rare earth metals and alloys that contain them are a key modern-day material used in many applications such as consumer electronics, computer memory, DVDs, rechargeable batteries, catalytic converters, magnets, and fluorescent lighting. The use of rare earth elements are vital for modern life, but the end products are rarely recycled. Recycling often requires the use of very aggressive solvents or ...

Wind and solar electricity are gaining traction in the marketplace, but the electricity available from these sources is out of synch with demand Protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (PCECs) operating at intermediate temperatures (400 - 650°C) have enormous potential for electricity storage and delivery by reversible operation between electrolysis and fuel cell modes and therefore stand to addre ...

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Achieving a systems-level understanding of science associated with climate change is a key topic within the DOE mission. Light absorbing particles are an important atmospheric constituent and have a direct impact on climate. They also impact air quality and health and human activities play a major role in their abundance and distribution. There is a critical need for improved observational capacit ...

There is widespread concern regarding carbon emissions from fossil fuels, resulting in a drive towards improved efficiency in reactor (boiler) performance while reducing carbon emissions. Coal will continue to be a primary source of energy for economic growth for the foreseeable future, thus there is a push to reduce net carbon emissions of coal operated plants by replacing part of the coal with b ...