Award Data

"High brightness and high average power Free Electron Lasers known as x-ray FELs, developed by DOE, are intently desired by the scientific community for their unique capabilities and for the opportunities they enable in the medical and biological sciences, such as imaging biological molecules or chemical reactions. Beam optics codes (particularly Particle-in-Cell codes) couple non-uniformity and s ...

Empirical-based mathematical framework and computer algorithms, for representing human perception and cognition processes and limitations, which influence the recognition of salient information about rapidly changing events.

Terrorist use of radioactive nuclear materials via nuclear and/or radiological dispersion devices (dirty bombs) is a serious threat. Therefore, it is critical to detect the proliferation of nuclear material. Critical challenges facing this objective include: (a) high sensitivity detection of signature emissions (e.g., gamma rays) from common radioactive isotopes behind shielding, and (b) cost-effe ...

The proliferation of nuclear and radiological weapons of mass destruction is a serious threat in the world today. The goal of this proposal is to develop a new, very low cost radiation detection technology that will be useful for detection and for surveillance of individuals who have been near radioactive materials. The technology can also be used for dosimetry, and will provide the technology for ...

Future vaccine development should focus on rapid upscale production, long-term and broad protection, and sufficient global distribution to prevent and reduce the impact of many infectious diseases and potential epidemics. Agave BioSystems proposes to develop a novel whole-microorganism vaccine inactivation strategy involving high-throughput screen of extensive radio-protectant matrices and radiati ...

At the completion of the research and development effort a Li foil multi-wire proportional counter (MWPC) neutron detector with more than 625 cm^2 of active area will be included in a portable radiation detection system. The system is expected to have an intrinsic thermal neutron detection efficiency of 55% or greater and gamma-ray rejection ratio (GRR) of 1.0x10^-8 or better. A gamma-ray spectrom ...

A drop-in 3He-tube replacement technology for thermal neutron detection does not exist today. It is critical for homeland security and nuclear safeguards applications. In this program, Triton Systems proposes to develop a light-weight, large-area, high efficiency portable neutron detector for passive interrogation using an innovative gas detector structure. The resulting 3He-free thermal neutron d ...

Existing methodologies for attrition evaluation of oxygen carriers in Chemical Looping Combustion systems do not adequately reflect the unique process conditions to which oxygen carriers are exposed, specifically high temperatures and cyclically reacting oxidizing and reducing atmospheres. This proposed Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR/STTR) project targets the development of novel equipme ...

The non-aqueous ionomer dispersion technology invented at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) has demonstrated great potential to significantly improve the lifetime of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells and electrolyzers. However, further validation and improvements are needed to make this technology commercially viable. The overall objective of this project is to further devel ...

New automotive engine technologies, such as direct injection with stratified charge combustion, are being explored under programs of the DOE and others that offer significant increases in efficiency and reductions in emissions. Research tools are needed to help determine how best to adequately control the combustion process throughout the engine operating envelope, to optimize combustion efficienc ...