Award Data

The near-field Campanile probe offer an unique solution to explore the behavior of matter at the nanometer scale by simultaneously imaging the physicochemical properties and the local morphology of materials. However, the fabrication of these revolutionary tips is complex and expensive with poor reproducibility, all of which prohibits any commercialization. Statement of How this Problem or Situati ...

As the world population increases and global GDP rises, the demand for energy is projected to increase dramatically. Fossil fuels are currently a leading energy source, approximately 50% of which is imported from foreign sources. A domestically produced, renewable energy source is needed to ensure the energy security of the United States. One source of domestic potential energy currently under- ...

There is an increasing need to understand the impacts particles emitted by both natural and human activities have on cloud properties, precipitation and climate. DOE has identified a need to improve the measurement capability of observational platforms, particularly in the Arctic region. One barrier to progress in understanding the interactions of particles and clouds and the importance of cloud c ...

The modern warfighter faces the constant threat of endemic infections, multi-drug resistant bacteria and Biological Warfare Agents. In order to provide accurate front-line treatment that will curtail the overuse of antibiotics, a rapid and robust molecula

The increased accessibility via remote login, along with steadily growing numbers of HPC users and projects, poses a challenging question for HPC system management: How to secure HPC systems and protect the data inside these systems? There are several challenging issues that prevent the direct deployment of existing personal computer or cloud security tools in HPC systems: 1) The overhead introduc ...

The objective of the proposed project is to develop the next generation of the low cost, high energy and high power solid state rechargeable lithium battery using a low cost enabling solid state electrolyte and protected lithium metal electrode developed by University of California in San Diego for use in the plug-in hybrid vehicle and electric vehicle. The advantages of the proposed solid state ...

Replacement of petroleum based vehicles with fuel cell electric vehicles operating on hydrogen produced from domestically available resources would dramatically decrease emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants as well as reduce dependence on oil from politically volatile regions of the world. One major inhibitor to a hydrogen society is the lack of infrastructure, which requires hydroge ...

The Department of Energy needs improved radiation resistant electrical insulation materials for the superconducting magnet coils in fusion reactors. To achieve safe, reliable, economic and environmentally benign fusion energy system, DOE is seeking organic/inorganic insulation-capable materials that are wrappable. These materials under irradiation will enable magnet coils to: (1) operate reliably ...

High performance computing networks (HPC) require very high data transmission rates with large bandwidth. Fiber optic networks can meet the data transmission and bandwidth requirements. However, new component technology is needed to provide the interface to computer logic and memory systems, with are primarily silicon based electronics. Direct bandgap III-V semiconductor materials such as gallium ...

Density functional theory is used by many researchers funded by the Department of Energy as a method for predicting the behavior of chemicals and materials used in energy applications. However, results of these calculations are often not standardized and, even when they are, expert-level understand of the methods is needed in order to properly perform a simulation. The energy research community a ...