Award Data

We seek a proof-of-concept study for the development of a new platform technology for the rapid and complete inactivation of pathogen infectivity for vaccine development of medically important micro-organisms (e.g. viruses, bacteria and parasites). A recently discovered reconstituted Mn+2-decapeptide phosphate complex (Mn-Dp-Pi) of the radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans was foun ...

Terrorist use of radioactive nuclear materials via nuclear and/or radiological dispersion devices (dirty bombs) is a serious threat. Therefore, it is critical to detect the proliferation of nuclear material. Critical challenges facing this objective include: (a) high sensitivity detection of signature emissions (e.g., gamma rays) from common radioactive isotopes behind shielding, and (b) cost-effe ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Crystallization followed by subsequent structure determination is a major step in understanding the structure function relationship of macromolecules Understanding macromolecule structure has become a key part in the development of new pharmaceuticals and is a major area of NIH research Crystallization however is also the rate limiting step despite techno ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Substance use disorders SUDs continue to be one of the most serious public health problems in the US Studies have consistently documented a substantially higher prevalence of SUDs among individuals under criminal justice supervision At year end approximately million adults were on probation or parole in adults African American probationer ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Substance use disorders SUDs continue to be one of the most serious public health problems in the US Studies have consistently documented a substantially higher prevalence of SUDs among individuals under criminal justice supervision At year end approximately million adults were under criminal justice supervision in the US of which million i ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant The greatest challenge to auditory communication is background noise especially in the complex acoustic environments that are experienced in daily life This project proposes to develop a novel speech enhancement algorithm that is robust in the presence of everyday environmental interference The algorithm is inspired by recent findings related to the neural c ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant This proposal will assess the quantitative capabilities of surface enhanced Raman scattering SERS detection of cocaine and marijuana metabolites in urine samples Combining low cost instrumentation and novel chemical sensing provides an innovative new approach for diagnosing illicit drug use Current methods use a colorimetric indicator to screen specimens fo ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant The increasing output of new integral membrane protein IMP structures is partially due to the availability of an increasing number of chemical variables such as detergents detergent like molecules lipids and solubilizing stabilizing additives It is clear that specific combinations and concentrations of these different variables are often necessary to impr ...

DESCRIPTIONprovided by applicantEffective early intervention depends on reliable screening of risk for communication impairments as soon as possibleEstablished infant communication risk factors include poor attentiongesturessocial connectednessexploratory playand speechAlthough these risk factors can be detected bymosand reliably predict later language and social disordersattempts to detect simila ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Approximately of the population experiences elevated depressive symptoms Kubik et al Despite recent research suggesting that overall population mortality would be reduced by if the effects of subthreshold depression could be blocked completely the majority of individuals with elevated depressive symptoms never receive evidence based treat ...