Award Data

72731-Thermoelectric power plants account for 39% of the fresh water withdrawn from streams and lakes in the United States, second only to agriculture. 3.3 billion gallons daily are lost to evaporation and 190 billion returned as warm water discharge. The link between adequate supplies of low-cost energy and freshwater is clearly recognized in President Bush¿s National Energy Policy. The dem ...

73106-In the United States, the amount of electricity used annually for lighting residential and commercial buildings is equal to approximately 20% of the total power generated. Widespread use of white LEDs would reduce the overall electrical demand for lighting by 50%. At this time, the major hurdle for solid-state lighting is the high cost of GaN-based LED production technology. This project ...

72905-High speed networks will be required to deliver the large data volumes associated with DOE science experiments. Deployment scenarios for 10 Gb/s enterprise and access networks will require optical interfaces capable of spanning distances from 100 m to 10 km. Presently available 10 Gb/s optical front-ends are not generally applicable because they are either lacking in capability or are too ...

72703-There is a national interest in the efficient, economical and enhanced utilization of biomass as an energy resource. Consequently, there is a need for the development of a feedstock-flexible, modular, biomass drying system that can cater to the local market drivers in an efficient, safe and environmentally responsible manner. This project will develop a pulsed combustion drying system for b ...

75912-New, lower-cost materials will be needed before the wide-spread use of fuel cells becomes practical. In particular, novel ternary and quaternary intermetallic fuel cell catalyst materials offer the potential for significant cost savings compared to existing platinum-based compounds. However, these novel intermetallics are difficult to create as nano-particles. This project will develop te ...

75606-The advent of a truly wireless world in the future has created an opportunity and the need to develop a sensor which not only communicates in a wireless fashion but also obtains its power in a wireless fashion. While a conventional battery fits this description of a power source, it severely limits the long term autonomy of the sensor due to the life span of the battery. To make the sensor ...

75832-Magnesium aluminate spinel is a promising structural and radio frequency (RF) window material for nuclear reactors, due to its remarkable neutron and ion radiation resistance at high temperatures. However, little, if any, effort has been expended in optimizing the strength, creep, toughness, and thermal shock properties of spinel structural components for advanced nuclear applications. Thi ...

76000-Currently, there are no suitable protocols, standards, or commercial products to authenticate and authorize users of Web-based group applications in an open, multi¿domain networking environment, such as for large-scale collaborations on DOE scientific projects. Most existing standards and solutions address the problem in closed, proprietary environments; they cannot be applied for securi ...

75990-Waste heat streams represent an enormous untapped energy resource. The smaller the quantity and temperature of the waste heat, the more difficult it is to convert it to power. Yet, the smaller waste heat streams are available in greatest number. This project will develop a new absorption cycle for converting low temperature (

75586-The development and wide application of fluorescence-based technology to the detection and monitoring of biomolecule interactions is limited by the signal produced by the probe, the size of the biomolecules, and the detection technology. Highly desired real-time detection, without washing steps, is currently limited to the methods of fluorescence polarization and surface plasmon resonance. ...