Award Data

MONITORING ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES FOR VARIOUS PESTICIDES AND OTHER HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS HAS BECOME NECESSARY INORDER TO PROTECT THE POPULACE FROM THE CARCINOGENIC AND TOXIC EFFECTSOF THESE MATERIALS. THERE IS CONSIDERABLE CONCERN REGARDINGTHE POSSIBILITY OF THE MATERIALS BECOMING INCORPORATED IN FOODS AND IN WATER SUPPLIES DESTINED FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION. SINCE THE COSTS OF DOING ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYS ...

SUCCESSFUL DRINKING WATER PURIFICATION REQUIRES PROPER COAGULATION, USUALLY WITH ALUM, FOR REMOVAL OF DISEASE TRANSMITTING ORGANISMS. THE GROWING NATIONAL NEED FOR IMPROVED PERFORMANCE OF PURIFICATION INVOLVING COAGULATION-FILTRATION COULD BEST BE HELPED BY USE OF AN AUTOMATED COAGULANT DOSE CONTROL INSTRUMENT. THE BEST TECHNOLOGY AVAILABLE NOW IS STREAMING CURRENT DETECTORS. THEIR MAJOR SHORTCOMI ...

SAFE, COST EFFECTIVE ALTERNATIVES TO CHLORINE TREATMENT OF DRINKING WATER FOR DISTRIBUTION AND DISINFECTION HAVE BEEN SOUGHT FOR SOME TIME. CHLORINE DIOXIDE IS A VIABLE ALTERNATIVE TO CHLORINE FOR THE TREATMENT OF EVEN POOR QUALITY WATER SUPPLIES AND THE REDUCTION OF POTENTIAL CANCER CAUSING CHLORINATED ORGANICS. ITS WIDESPREAD USE HAS BEEN INHIBITED BY THE COSTS AND/OR COMPLEXITY OF ITS PRODUCTIO ...

THERE ARE NUMEROUS INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES REQUIRING THAT MATERIAL BE HEATED AND THEN SUBSEQUENTLY COOLED. IF MOST OF THIS HEAT IS RECOVERED AND RECYCLED TO THE OVEN, THE NET POWER INPUT TO THE OVEN COULD BE SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCED. THE KEY TO ACCOMPLISHING THIS IS AN INCREASE OF THE HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT BETWEEN GAS AND MATERIAL SO THAT THE HEAT EXCHANGERS ARE RESASONABLY COMPACT. SIMPLE EXPERIMEN ...

OVER THE LAST SEVERAL YEARS, THE EPA HAS DEVOTED MAJOR EF- FORTS TO IDENTIFY AND DOCUMENT THE MAGNITUDE OF THE RISKS OFENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION DUE TO LEAKING UDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS (UST). IN APRIL 1987, THE EPA PUBLISHED THE PROPOSED REGULATIONS FOR THE OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF UST, WHICH ARE EXPECTED TO BE FINALIZEDD IN EARLY 1988. THESE REGULATIONS INCLUDE REQUIREMENTS FOR TANK TIGHTNESS TESTS, ...

CARBON MONOXIDE IS A COLORLESS, ODORLESS, POISONOUS GAS PRO-DUCED BY THE INCOMPLETE COMBUSITON OF HYDROCARBON FUELS. IT IS A SIGNIFICANT OUTDOOR AND INDOOR AIR POLLUTANT. AUTOMO ARE THE MJOR SOURCE OF OUTDOOR CARBON MONOXIDE, AND IT IS EMITTED AT THE HIGHEST RATE DURING THE FIRST FEW MINUTES WHEN THE CATALYTIC CONVERTER IS NOT ACTIVE. MAJOR SOURCES OF INDOOR POLLUTION ARE APPLIANCES AND CIGARETTES ...

Human exposure to polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been linked to cancer, elevated cholesterol, obesity, immune suppression and endocrine disruption. The EPA has set a PFOA health advisory of 70 parts-per-trillion. Due to widespread use of PFAS in aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) to fight fuel fires, millions of gallons of PFASs have been used at oil refineries, military bases, civil aviation ...

The widespread use of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl species (PFAS) chemicals for commercial products and industrial applications has resulted in bioaccumulation of these chemicals in the environment and a public health hazard. Development of novel approaches for in situ degradation of PFAS in industrial and landfill wastewaters would greatly facilitate efforts to prevent discharge of these hazard ...

In addressing Topic 1C in this solicitation, “Innovative pretreatment technologies for PFAS in industrial wastewater”, this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project will develop a novel nanofiber mats fabricated by electrospun polymer nanofibers for the “smart” (selective) removal of perand polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from landfill leachate. The co-contaminants, low ...

Due to release of industrial and landfill effluent into the environment, per- and polyfluorinated alkyl species (PFAS) have been accumulating in soil, sediment and groundwater, with subsequent absorption by living organisms. PFAS have the potential to cause multiple adverse health effects, including low birth weight, accelerated puberty, and cancer. Novel approaches for in situ degradation of PFAS ...