Award Data

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COAL TAR IS A BY-PRODUCT OF THE COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS USED WIDELY BETWEEN 1820 AND 1950 TO PRODUCE A NATURAL GAS SUBSTITUTE. DURING THAT TIME, BILLIONS OF GALLONS OF TAR WERE PRODUCED AT MORE THAN 1500 GAS MANUFACTURING FACILITIESLOCATED THROUGHOUT THE U.S. A LARGE PORTION OF THIS WASTE TAR REMAINS IN STORAGE OR WAS DISPOSED OF BY INJECTION INTO SUBSURFACE SITES. COAL TAR IS A MIXTURE OF HYDRO ...

COAL TAR IS A BY-PRODUCT OF THE COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS USED BETWEEN 1880 AND 1950 TO PRODUCE A NATURAL GAS SUBSTITUTE. IT IS ESTIMATED THAT SEVERAL BILLION GALLONS OF THIS MATERIAL WERE LAND-DISPOSED AT OVER 1500 SITES IN THE UNITED STATES. THE TAR CONTAINS SEVENTEEN POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAH) WHICH HAVE BEEN PLACED ON THE EPA PRIORITY POLLUTION LIST AS A RESULT OF THEIR MUTAGENICI ...

THIS RESEARCH INVESTIGATES THE FEASIBILITY OF DEVELOPING AN INNOVATIVE OPTRODE DEVICE FOR THE DETECTION, IDENTIFICATION, AND QUANTIFICATION OF TRACE LEVELS OF CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS IN WATER. THIS FIBER OPTIC BASED INSTRUMENT WILL HAVE A RESPONSE DETECTOR AND CAN MEASURE CONCENTRATIONS OF CONTAMINANTS AT PARTS PER BILLION CONCENTRATIONS. IT IS ALSO ANTICIPATED THAT THIS INSTRUMENT WILL BE ABLE TO I ...

SAFE, COST EFFECTIVE ALTERNATIVES TO CHLORINE TREATMENT OF DRINKING WATER FOR DISTRIBUTION AND DISINFECTION HAVE BEEN SOUGHT FOR SOME TIME. CHLORINE DIOXIDE IS A VIABLE ALTERNATIVE TO CHLORINE FOR THE TREATMENT OF EVEN POOR QUALITY WATER SUPPLIES AND THE REDUCTION OF POTENTIAL CANCER CAUSING CHLORINATED ORGANICS. ITS WIDESPREAD USE HAS BEEN INHIBITED BY THE COSTS AND/OR COMPLEXITY OF ITS PRODUCTIO ...

THERE ARE NUMEROUS INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES REQUIRING THAT MATERIAL BE HEATED AND THEN SUBSEQUENTLY COOLED. IF MOST OF THIS HEAT IS RECOVERED AND RECYCLED TO THE OVEN, THE NET POWER INPUT TO THE OVEN COULD BE SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCED. THE KEY TO ACCOMPLISHING THIS IS AN INCREASE OF THE HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT BETWEEN GAS AND MATERIAL SO THAT THE HEAT EXCHANGERS ARE RESASONABLY COMPACT. SIMPLE EXPERIMEN ...

IONICS RESEARCH INC. (IRI) HAS DETERMINED THAT UNCOATED CAPILLARY COLUMNS CAN BE USED TO CONCENTRATE ORGANICS FROM WATER. THE METHOD IS EXCEEDINGLY SIMPLE AND RAPID (10 MINUTES PER 100 ML), YET EFFECTIVE. IRI PLANS TO INVESTIGATE THE POTENTIAL OF THIS TECHNIQUE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INSTRUMENT SUITABLE FOR THA NALYSIS OF ORGANICS AT THE PART-PER-TRILLION LEVEL IN WATER AND WASTEWATER. SUCH AN ...

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THIS PROPOSAL IS CONCERNED WITH THE ECONOMIC REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE, A TOXIC MATERIAL, FROM SOUR NATURAL GAS AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS. THE CURRENT STATUS OF H2S PROCESSING IS REVIEWED. THE CHEMISTRY OF SULFUR AND SULFIDE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS AND PRELIMINARY WORK ALREADY CARRIED OUT IN THE CONTINUOUS ELECTROLYSIS OF H2S TO YIELD HYDROGEN AND SULFUR ARE BRIEFLYDISCUSSED. THE ESTIMATED ECONOMIC GA ...

SEVERAL EXHAUST GAS NOX ABATEMENMT PROCESSES EXIST BASED ON HETEROGENEOUS REACTION OF A REDUCED NITROGEN CONTAINING ADDITIVE SUCH AS NH3. THESE EXISTING PROCESSES ARE NOT ADEQUATETO MEET PROPOSED NOX EMISSIONS REGULATIONS FOR MOST RETROFITPOWER PLANT STACKS AND INCINERATORS. THE INVESTIGATORS PRO-POSE TO TEST COMBINATIONS OF ADDITIVES AND CATALYSTS THAT HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO LEAD TO A NEW PROCESS ...