Award Data

Strong and durable bonds between rubber and metals are important in many industries. The largest single commercial application is bonding of steel tire cords to sulfur-vulcanized natural rubber (NR) compounds. The current process for bonding steel tire cords to NR compounds requires the plating of brass on the individual filaments. This brass alloy is applied on the running wire as it is being dra ...

REAL TIME ON-LINE ANALYSIS OF STACK GASSES IS NECESSARY TO MONITOR EFFLUENTS AND TO PERMIT FEEDBACK CONTROL OF COMBUSTION PROCESS AND DOWN STREAM SCRUBBER SYSTEMS. MULTIMEDIA POLLUTION ANALYSIS REQUIRES MULTIPLE SENSOR TECHNOLOGY WITH PRESENT COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE INSTRUMENTATION. CURRENTLY, COMPLEX ANALYTICAL SYSTEMS MUSTBE ASSEMBLED THAT ARE EXPENSIVE, PRONE TO DRIFT, AND DIFFICULT TO OPERATE A ...

Oxygenates such as methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) have been used in the United States as octane enhancers in gasoline and to boost the oxygen content of reformulated gasoline, which was a requirement of the Clean Air Act. MTBE has found its way into lakes, underground aquifers, and urban wells in 49 states; MTBE is detected in 5¿10 percent of community drinking water supplies in high-oxygenat ...

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STATIONARY GAS ENGINES PRODUCE A DISPROPORTIONATELY LARGE SHARE OF THE TOTAL NOX EMISSIONS IN THE U.S., BUT NO AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY OFFERS A SATISFACTORY MEANS OF REDUCING THEIR EMISSIONS. THESE ENGINES ARE PREDOMINANTLY TWO CYCLE AND PRODUCE AN EXHAUST HAVING A HIGH RATIO OF OXYGEN (O2) TO NITRIC OXIDE (NO). THUS, A SELECTIVE NO REDUCTION TECHNIQUE IS NEEDED WHICH CONVERTS THE NO TO NITROGEN (N2) ...

THERE ARE NUMEROUS INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES REQUIRING THAT MATERIAL BE HEATED AND THEN SUBSEQUENTLY COOLED. IF MOST OF THIS HEAT IS RECOVERED AND RECYCLED TO THE OVEN, THE NET POWER INPUT TO THE OVEN COULD BE SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCED. THE KEY TO ACCOMPLISHING THIS IS AN INCREASE OF THE HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT BETWEEN GAS AND MATERIAL SO THAT THE HEAT EXCHANGERS ARE RESASONABLY COMPACT. SIMPLE EXPERIMEN ...

RESEARCH WILL BE CONDUCTED BY HICHEM CORPORATION, TO DEVELOP A NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR PYROLYSIS OF SCRAP TIRES. DISPOSAL OF USED TIRES IS A BIG PROBLEM IN THE WORLD, ESPECIALLY USA, SINCE MORE THAN 2.5 MILLION TIRES ARE DISCARDED EACH YEAR. MOST OF THESE TIRES ARE DISPOSED IN LANDFILLS. PYROLYSIS OF SCRAP TIRES HELPS TO RECOVER AND REUSE MOST OF THE VALUABLE CHEMICAL AVAILABLE IN TIRES. PYROLYSIS OF S ...

IT IS DESIRABLE TO HAVE A MTHOD FOR EFFICIENT, COST EFFEC- TIVE, AND SIMULTANEOUS REMOVAL OF PB(II), AG(I), CD(II) AND HG(II) FROM POTABLE WATER TO LEVELS WELL BELOW THEIR EPA LIMITS. SUCH A METHOD COULD BE USED BY BOTH MUNICIPAL WATER WASTE TREATMENT PLALNTS. THE INTERACTION OF THE MACROCYCLE TETRAAZA-18CROWN WITH THE METALS OF INTEREST IS OF SUFFI- CIENT STRENGTH AND SELECTIVITY TO REMOVE THE ME ...

THE THREE-WAY CATALYTIC CONVERTER IS THE MOST IMPORTANT DEVICE MAKING TODAY'S AUTOMOBILES COMPLY WITH EXISTING EMISSION LAWS. THE FIRST TWO OR THREE MILES IN A TYPICAL 22-MINUTE, 12-MILE COMUTE IN TODAY'S VEHICLES RESULT IN THE EMISSION OF HALF OF THE TOTAL NON-METHANE HYDROCARBONS, WHICH RESULT IN THE PRODUCTION OF URBAN SMOG, AS WELL AS HALF OF THE TOXIC CO EMISSIONS. THIS OCCURS BECAUSE THE CAT ...

A novel, environmentally benign antimicrobial surface modification based on immobilized quaternary ammonium-functionalized dendrimers is proposed for the prevention of biofilm formation. Dendrimers are unique nanomaterials that have attracted attention as possible antimicrobial agents due to their compact structure, high local charge density of functional surface groups, unique carrier properties, ...