Award Data

MUNICIPAL WASTE TREATMENT PRODUCES SLUDGES RICH IN COMPLEX ORGANIC CHEMICALS THAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED AS A CHEMICAL RAW MATERIAL AND RESOURCE ANALOGOUS TO WOOD PULP, AG AGRICULTURAL WASTES, OR PETROLEUM. CURRENT DISPOSAL P PRACTICES OF LANDFILLING, OCEAN DISPOSAL AND EVEN INCINERAR ATION DISREGARD THESE VALUES AND AT BEST RECOVER ENERGY (ANDPOSSIBLY METALS). IT IS PROPOSED TO CARRY OUT SEVERAL CL ...

Caviton has developed a novel technique for the continuous monitoring of trace metals emissions. This technique is based on a microdischarge light, which is collected by a spectrometer and analyzed. All metals tested to date can b detected and the focus of this Phase II project is to develop a sampling system, carry out laboratory tests, then move to field tests of sampling and analysis. Finall ...

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STATIONARY GAS ENGINES PRODUCE A DISPROPORTIONATELY LARGE SHARE OF THE TOTAL NOX EMISSIONS IN THE U.S., BUT NO AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY OFFERS A SATISFACTORY MEANS OF REDUCING THEIR EMISSIONS. THESE ENGINES ARE PREDOMINANTLY TWO CYCLE AND PRODUCE AN EXHAUST HAVING A HIGH RATIO OF OXYGEN (O2) TO NITRIC OXIDE (NO). THUS, A SELECTIVE NO REDUCTION TECHNIQUE IS NEEDED WHICH CONVERTS THE NO TO NITROGEN (N2) ...

THERE ARE NUMEROUS INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES REQUIRING THAT MATERIAL BE HEATED AND THEN SUBSEQUENTLY COOLED. IF MOST OF THIS HEAT IS RECOVERED AND RECYCLED TO THE OVEN, THE NET POWER INPUT TO THE OVEN COULD BE SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCED. THE KEY TO ACCOMPLISHING THIS IS AN INCREASE OF THE HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT BETWEEN GAS AND MATERIAL SO THAT THE HEAT EXCHANGERS ARE RESASONABLY COMPACT. SIMPLE EXPERIMEN ...

RESEARCH WILL BE CONDUCTED BY HICHEM CORPORATION, TO DEVELOP A NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR PYROLYSIS OF SCRAP TIRES. DISPOSAL OF USED TIRES IS A BIG PROBLEM IN THE WORLD, ESPECIALLY USA, SINCE MORE THAN 2.5 MILLION TIRES ARE DISCARDED EACH YEAR. MOST OF THESE TIRES ARE DISPOSED IN LANDFILLS. PYROLYSIS OF SCRAP TIRES HELPS TO RECOVER AND REUSE MOST OF THE VALUABLE CHEMICAL AVAILABLE IN TIRES. PYROLYSIS OF S ...

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THE THREE-WAY CATALYTIC CONVERTER IS THE MOST IMPORTANT DEVICE MAKING TODAY'S AUTOMOBILES COMPLY WITH EXISTING EMISSION LAWS. THE FIRST TWO OR THREE MILES IN A TYPICAL 22-MINUTE, 12-MILE COMUTE IN TODAY'S VEHICLES RESULT IN THE EMISSION OF HALF OF THE TOTAL NON-METHANE HYDROCARBONS, WHICH RESULT IN THE PRODUCTION OF URBAN SMOG, AS WELL AS HALF OF THE TOXIC CO EMISSIONS. THIS OCCURS BECAUSE THE CAT ...

Chlorinated hydrocarbons represent the most prevalent contaminants in the subsurface, threatening the quality of groundwater at aquifers. Existing technologies for monitoring these contaminants require expensive, labor-intensive methods of sample collection and analysis. The goal of this Phase I research project is to develop a low-cost, compact, reliable, automated, unattended, and long-term mo ...

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