Award Data

In 2005, commercial and residential Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems represented 518 billion kWh of energy consumption in the United States, which amounts to 8% of the total energy produced that year. In addition, producing this power resulted in the release of 465 MMTCO2e of greenhouse gases. By reducing the energy demand of air conditioning systems, the US can realize a ...

It is well established that prolonged operation at high junction temperatures reduces the lifetime of LEDs, significantly undermining one of the main benefits of LED lighting systems. Despite advances in LED device technology, a significant fraction of the electrical energy input is wasted as heat. Inadequate removal of this heat results in poor optical performance and sort lifespan of LED lighti ...

New high-efficiency, low-emission, fuel-flexible gas turbine designs will operate at fuel lean conditions near the flame blow-out limit. To maintain high efficiency and flame stability under these conditions, a detailed knowledge of the flame dynamics will be required from both experimental and computational studies. From a computational perspective, accurate turbulent combustion models are requir ...

The overall goal of this Phase II project is to develop a prototype of a thermochemical reactor for the production of syngas (a blend of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) using water and carbon dioxide as the reactants. New materials will also be screened for their ability to reduce the reactor temperature. Syngas is a particularly attractive fuel since it can be used to synthesize liquid fuels and ...

Research on advanced materials is hampered by difficulty in accessing short-lived metastable states that play a crucial role in determining the material & apos;s ultimate structure, properties and performance. In combination with advanced sample environments, DOEs high flux neutron sources such as SNS provide an opportunity to revolutionize advanced materials research by helping to understand how ...

The multipactor effect is a major challenge that is encountered in a number of areas involving high-power radio frequency or microwave systems. Particle accelerator systems associated with high energy physics research are limited by radio frequency window breakdown largely due to multipaction. The multipactor effect is highly dependent on the secondary electron coefficient of the window, which is ...

The object of the proposed work is to develop better processes for the electrochemical conversion of CO2 into a high value chemical in a growing market. CO2 is one of the key causes of global warming. If we can recycle CO2 back into useful products, than the costs of meeting the Nations global warming goals will be substantially reduced. Presently, the use of CO2 feedstocks is limited by the avai ...

Muon beam ionization cooling is a key element in the design of next-generation low-emittance and high-luminosity muon colliders. New approaches in that cooling could greatly improve the performance and capabilities of these colliders. To obtain low-emittance muon beams, a new concept is being developed that combines ionization cooling in a Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) with parametric resonances. ...

High resolution X-ray microscopy using synchrotron radiation is a key scientific technique in materials research that has provided insight into the atomic structure of bulk materials, surfaces, interfaces, nanoparticles, nanostructures, and nanodomains. Such detailed understanding into the characterization and behavior of matter allows scientists and engineers to design materials with longer fatig ...

Establishing a secure domestic supply of clean energy has emerged as an existential challenge facing the US, given geopolitical threats to global energy supplies and serious risks arising from climate change. Utility-scale wind turbine technology has grown rapidly to supply 2% of US electricity needs, but many regions are not suitable for large wind turbines. Distributed generation of wind energy ...