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Planned science instruments require timeofflight (TOF) detectors with subpicosecond resolution, high count rates, and a large number (hundreds of thousands) of parallel channels. Timetodigital converters (TDCs) are effective for TOF measurement. With few exceptions, subnanosecond TDCs have been implemented as applicationspecific integrated circuits (ASICs), which are expensive and timeconsuming to ...

CMOS APS detectors have emerged as an attractive imaging solution to replace CCD technology. They can be very thin, yield good signaltonoise ratio (SNR) at room temperature, and offer the possibility of incorporating inpixel data processing. But despite its potential, APS has demonstrated relatively poor actual performance; a key reason is that in existing monolithic implementations, the photodiod ...

Domestic CMOS imager manufacturing technologies are attractive as a replacement for CCDs but do not yet meet all the requirements of scientific imagers. Their use in tailored scientific imaging applications is hampered by the large wafer sizes and high cost of deepsubmicron fabrication; the low voltage of standard processes also precludes the formation of deeply depleted photodiodes (PDs) in the s ...

Research on advanced materials is hampered by difficulty in accessing short-lived metastable states that play a crucial role in determining the material & apos;s ultimate structure, properties and performance. In combination with advanced sample environments, DOEs high flux neutron sources such as SNS provide an opportunity to revolutionize advanced materials research by helping to understand how ...

To fully utilize thirdgeneration synchrotron sources, the Xray science community needs advanced detectors that are tailored to beamline science. Detectors are not yet available for the fastest bunch modes, and at the fastest operating modes, collection of multiple bunches is required, laser energy is insufficient at the pulse rates used, and during the longer experiments used to accommodate detect ...

Flatpanel Xray detector technologies are desired to replace Xray film, but available detector materials have a number of limitations, such as low efficiency, low sensitivity, high noise, small format, high cost, long product development times, and/or expensive infrastructure. Directdetection (photoconductive) materials are theoretically favored over indirect (scintillator) materials, but have yet ...

The object of the proposed work is to develop better processes for the electrochemical conversion of CO2 into a high value chemical in a growing market. CO2 is one of the key causes of global warming. If we can recycle CO2 back into useful products, than the costs of meeting the Nations global warming goals will be substantially reduced. Presently, the use of CO2 feedstocks is limited by the avai ...

Muon beam ionization cooling is a key element in the design of next-generation low-emittance and high-luminosity muon colliders. New approaches in that cooling could greatly improve the performance and capabilities of these colliders. To obtain low-emittance muon beams, a new concept is being developed that combines ionization cooling in a Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) with parametric resonances. ...

High resolution X-ray microscopy using synchrotron radiation is a key scientific technique in materials research that has provided insight into the atomic structure of bulk materials, surfaces, interfaces, nanoparticles, nanostructures, and nanodomains. Such detailed understanding into the characterization and behavior of matter allows scientists and engineers to design materials with longer fatig ...

Interior wood composite panels are widely used for furniture, bookshelf, kitchen cabinets, flooring, and other building materials, and are predominantly made with carcinogenic urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin. New formaldehyde-free wood adhesives that mainly consist of abundant, renewable, and readily available soybean flour and novel curing agents have been developed in a laboratory and successfully ...