Award Data

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): With the increased use of x-ray CT, the development of a market for CT screening exams, and the imaging of younger patients, there is a growing concern about the public health risk caused by the radiation dose deliveredby x-ray CT. The reduction of this dose has therefore taken on increased importance, as evidenced by the recent NIH Summit on Managing Dose in C ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is an acute need for the development of a new class of selective and sensitive portable analytical sensors to enable reliable monitoring of multiple classes of chemical analytes in complex biomatrices. Current preferred methods for determining the concentration of analytes are spectroscopy and voltammetry. We propose the development of electrochemical m ...

In 2011, there were 60,000 dairy farms in the US. Of there, 56,600 had herds of fewer than 500 animals. Currently, manure digester installations are only considered economical for herds of at least 500 animals. There require turbine or diesel generator sets of 100 Kilowatt size and larger. The need exists for a smaller waste to energy conversion approach for implementation on small farms were ...

Arsine (AsH3) is a very toxic gas that is encountered in the semiconductor, metal refining andother industries. Complex ventilators, scrubbers, and detectors are needed to control the gas whereverit is used. We will investigate the detection of arsine gas in real time using an electrochemical sensor,as well as the potential for using electrochemical sensor, as well as the potential for using elect ...

We will develop drug therapies that will successfully intervene in the course of neurodegenerat-ive diseases, with an emphasis on Alzheimer's disease (AD). One of the main reasons that efficacioustreatments for AD are unavailable is due to the lack of a model system facilitating the development ofdrug screening protocols. Preliminary evidence gathered demonstrated by immunoblot analysis thatAD-spe ...

Flavonoids ar plant substances that give flowers and fruits their color, and they are included ina normal diet. The isoflavones are a class of flavonoids found in soybean. Epidemiological studies haveshown that in geographic areas where diets are rich in soybeans there is a reduced incidence of breastcancer Genistein is an isoflavone whose presence in soybeans has been linked to the chemopreventiv ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Osteoporosis is a major public health threat. National Osteoporosis Foundation estimated that the US national direct expenditures for osteoporotic hip fractures were at 17 billion in 2005 and it would increase to 25billion in 2025. Current treatments for osteoporosis include several anti-resorptive (or anti-catabolic) and some anabolic agents. VDRMs such as ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this small business innovation research grant is to develop and commercialize a highly accurate, minimally invasive risk stratification technique for colorectal cancer (CRC) that is simple enough to be performed by the primary care provider during an annual physical exam. Although existing guidelines recommend CRC screening for all patients over age ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Diagnostic Photonics, Inc. (DxP) is a medical device company developing an intraoperative imaging system for surgical guidance and real-time assessment of cancer tumor margins based on interferometric synthetic aperturemicroscopy (ISAM), a novel modality that uses light defraction to assess tissue. Because of the fatty nature of the breast, current intraoperati ...

We plan to develop and clinically evaluate software tools for rapid and reproducible measurementof tumor-related volumes visible in 3-D medical image data. The goal is to provide better accuracy andreproducibility than existing manual and semi-manual methods of measurement, and to do so withoutpenalty of increased user interaction time. Improved accuracy would mean that change in disease statuscou ...