Award Data

INCREASES IN SOLAR CELL EFFICIENCY CAN BE ACHIEVED WITH TANDEM MULTI-JUNCTION STRUCTURES TO IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE AND SCALE OF SPACE PHOTOVOLTAIC CONCENTRATORS. THE "TOP SOLAR CELL" TANDEM APPROACH COULD INCREASE ENERGY CONVERSION EFFICIENCY BY AS MUCH AS 100%. A SELF-SUPPORTING ALUMINUM-GALLIUM-ARSENIDE (ALGAAS) TOP SOLAR CELL IS BEING DEVELOPED FOR MECHANICAL ATTACHMENT TO A SILICON CONCENTRAT ...

EXISTING METALLIC-TYPE CONTACTS ON GALLIUM ARSENIDE (GAAS) HAVE NOT BEEN STABLE AT HIGH TEMPERATURES BECAUSE OF INTERDIFFUSION AND/OR ALLOYING OF THE GAAS TOP LAYER. HIGH TEMPERATURE CONTACTS TO GAAS SPACE PHOTOLTAIC CELLS ARE BEING DEVELOPED BASED ON THE FORMATION OF A HIGHLY-STABLE INTERMEDIATE DEGENERATE SEMICONDUCTOR LAYER BETWEEN THE GAAS AND A HIGH TEMPERATURE METAL ALLOY. THE INTERMEDIATE S ...

UNIFORM LARGE AREA, DEVICE QUALITY INDIUM PHOSPHIDE (INP) EPITAXIAL LAYERS ON INSULATING SUBSTRATES COULD LEAD TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW GENERATION OF PRODUCIBLE, RADIATION-HARDENED MICROELECTRONIC AND OPTOELECTRONIV INTEGRATED CIRCUITS. INP ALLOYS OFFER THE ADVANTAGES OF: PROVEN RESISTANCE TO RADIATION DAMAGE; LOWER SURFACE RECOMBINATION THAN GAAS; HIGH PEAK ELECTRON VELOCITY; AND BANDGAPS THAT ...

HIGH TEMPERATURE (>600 DEGREES CELSIUS) INDIUM PHOSPHIDE (INP) SPACE SOLAR CELLS ARE BEING DEVELOPED TO ELIMINATE THEPROBLEMS, SURFACE DECOMPOSITION AND CONTACT FAILURE, ENCOUNTERED WHEN INP SOLAR CELLS ARE EXPOSED TO HIGH TEMPERATURES. KEY TO THIS PROGRAM ARE THE USE OF AN ENCAPSULANT LAYER TO ARREST SURFACE DECOMPOSITION AND A HIGHLY-STABLE INTERMEDIATE DEGENERATE SEMICONDUCTOR CONTACT SYSTEM DE ...

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MAMMALIAN CELLS GROWN IN CULTURE EXCRETE AMMONIUM ION THAT ACCUMULATES IN QUANTITIES THAT MAY LIMIT CELL GROWTH AND REDUCE PRODUCT SYNTHESIS. THE USUAL TACTIC FOR LIMITING THE ACCUMULATION OF AMMONIA IS TO REPLACE THE "SPENT" MEDIUMWITH FRESH MEDIUM. SINCE MEDIUM REPLACEMENT INCREASES THE USE OF EXPENSIVE MEDIUM COMPONENTS, AMMONIUM ACCUMULATION LOWERS CELL AND PRODUCT YIELD ON MEDIUM AND INCREASE ...

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THE APPLICATION OF HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS IS SEVERELY LIMITED BY THE LOW CURRENT DENSITIES ACHIEVABLE IN BULK MATERIALS, SUCH AS Y1BA2CU3O(7-X), OR 123 FOR SHORT. THE LARGE CURRENT DENSITIES OBSERVED WITHIN INDIVIDUAL GRAINS (AND IN THIN FILMS) ARE REDUCED BY "WEAK LINKS" AT THE GRAIN BOUNDARIES, CAUSED BY MISALIGNMENT OF THE ANISOTROPIC GRAINS AND BY INSULATING IMPURITY PHASES. SOME OF ...

WE PROPOSE TO DESIGN, EVALUATE, AND CONSTRUCT A NEW TYPE OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SYSTEM CAPABLE OF SEPARATING GRAM QUANTITIESOF PEPTIDE HORMONE AND OTHER SUBSTANCES WITH HIGH RESOLUTION. THE HEART OF THE SYSTEM WILL BE AN EXTRUDED MULTI-CHANNEL CERAMIC BLOCK. SUCH BLOCKS ARE COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE WITH SEVERAL THOUSAND PARALLEL CHANNELS OF IDENTICAL DIMENSION. THIS IS EQUIVALENT TO USING THOUSANDS OF I ...