Award Data

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neuropathic pain is a common complication of cancer, diabetes mellitus, viral infections, and other causes. Although physicians currently employ a variety of treatments to manage moderate to severe neuropathic pain, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids, tricyclic antidepressants, anti- seizure medications, serotonin-norepinephrine reupta ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of the proposed research is to develop a novel quantitative flow through cell counting method for enumeration of CD4+ T lymphocytes in human blood. CD4 cell counts are needed to stage and monitor HIV-infected patients. In adults, the absolute number of CD4+ T cells per microlitre of blood has critical prognostic and therapeutic implications, ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): An estimated 30% of chronic stroke patients with motor disabilities of the limbs are plegic in the hand or the foot - that is, they cannot move the hand or foot. While some plegic stroke patients have completely paralyzed muscles, without the ability to activate even minimally the plegic muscles ( profound plegia ), other plegic stroke patients are capable of p ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Each year, at least 10,000 critically sick babies in respiratory failure are intubated for ventilator support. For these babies, intubation bears major health risks such as airway emergencies, cardiopulmonary arrest, pneumothoraces. Neonates, however young, can be quite active, leading to undesirable tube movement and unplanned extubations. To date, there exist ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human serum albumin is capable of binding bilirubin with high affinity, thus sequestering it and mitigat- ing its harmful neurological effects in jaundiced newborns. Despite considerable work indicating that the level of bilirubin in the blood relative to the level of albumin binding sites is a key factor in assessing risk for bilirubin associated brain damage, ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Meta-analysis is the statistical procedure employed to synthesize data from a series of studies. As such, it falls at the core of evidence-based policy in such fields as alcohol and substance abuse, medicine, social science, ecology, education, gerontology, among many others. The current generation of meta-analysis software is designed for the situation where e ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Longitudinal trials are trials in which researchers track outcomes over a period of time. These trials play a prominent role in many fields including drug abuse, aging, medicine, social science, and education. Longitudinal studies, by their nature, often address issues that have important implications for long-term health and development. Also, because these st ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Increased routine use of state-of-the-art imaging techniques has resulted in a higher incidence of small incidentally discovered renal masses, benign and malignant. A large proportion of patients with such masses, are within an older, more frail population and for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), 60-70% of patients now present asymptomatically. Treatment recommendat ...

Carbozyme will develop a novel closed circuit rebreathing apparatus based on biomimetic principals. Our objective is to catalyze the conversion of carbon dioxide to ionic equivalents that can be readily absorbed into seawater, eliminating gas bubbles. This design has the unique advantage of being able to operate continuously for the full duration of the oxygen supply. Installation of the rebreathe ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Today, arsenic (As) poisoning is one of the major environmental threats worldwide as millions of human beings have been exposed to excessive arsenic through contaminated drinking water. The serious toxicity of arsenic has been well documented. Worldwide, communities demand novel separation technologies for the removal of arsenic from drinking water. Conventiona ...