Award Data

Political, economic, and environmental considerations require that the national dependence on petroleum-based transportation fuels, especially imported oil, be reduced by accelerating the development of domestic renewable alternatives. The United States has the potential to generate, sustainably, about 1.3 billion dry tons of biomass per year, and bio-oil derived from this renewable feedstock cou ...

Much U.S. power generation comes from power plants using coal or natural gas. As the nation¿s energy consumption continues to rise, carbon dioxide emission increasingly becomes an issue that needs to be dealt with. Although recent focus has been on sequestration of carbon dioxide, that process consumes about 10% of the energy produced from the power plant. An energy efficient alternative would ...

A diesel-fueled solid oxide fuel cell would be an attractive means of generating auxiliary electric power onboard highway trucks, large recreational vehicles, and mobile command posts (military and emergency responders). In order to retain the high efficiency inherent to the fuel cell system, the fuel processor or reformer must be able to make use of the heat and water produced by the fuel cell. ...

With the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and a global requirement to develop a sustainable economy, hydrogen-based energy is becoming increasingly important. In the transportation sector, on-board storage of pure hydrogen may be required at pressures up to 10,000 psi, with compression of the hydrogen fuel ranging to 12,000 psi or even higher. However, the level of maturity of current hydrogen ...

This project will develop a high temperature electrochemical device to produce hydrogen directly from a coal fuel. The device will build upon the concept of the coal-assisted steam electrolyzer (CASE), which is comprised of an anode mixed with solid carbon fuel, a solid oxygen ion-conducting electrolyte, and a solid cathode. Both the cathode and anode of the CASE will show good electronic and io ...

This project will develop a fast, automated, and accurate software processing package that will objectively yield striatal quantitative uptake values for evaluating Parkinson's disease (PD) diagnosis and progression. This fully automated, Objective Striatal Analysis (OSA) package will evaluate subjects referred for SPECT neuroreceptor imaging studies, with a sensitivity and specificity higher tha ...

Within the Genomes-to-Life Roadmap, there is a lack of standardized semantics to accurately describe data objects and persistently express knowledge change over time. As research methods and biological concepts evolve, certainty about the correct interpretation of prior data and published results decreases, because both become overloaded with synonymous and polysemous terms. NamesforLife (N4L) i ...

Accelerators used in Nuclear Physics research (such as the International Linear Collider, Rare Isotope Accelerator, Spallation Neutron Sources, free electron lasers and advanced light sources) all need to be driven by an electron sources, which are used to generate intense electron beams that can be focused and injected for further energy gain. Superconducting radio frequency (SRF) technology of ...

Advances in superconducting linear accelerators, especially superconducting radio frequency (SRF) accelerators, during the past 10 years have opened up new opportunities, such as the International Linear Collider, Rare Isotope Accelerator, spallation neutron sources, free electron lasers and advanced light sources. Future light sources likely will use CW SRF linacs (linear accelerators) with requ ...

High-intensity GeV proton beams are required for neutron production, nuclear waste transmutation, energy production in sub-critical nuclear reactors, medical proton therapy, and radioisotope production. Conventional designs for the proton accelerator utilize a several-hundred-meter-long superconducting linear accelerator for this purpose. This project will design and demonstrate a much shorter r ...