Award Data

In battlefield environments, the atmosphere is littered with aerosols from a variety of sources: dust from vehicles and foot traffic; smoke from firearms and explosives; and, potentially, plumes of weaponized aerosols. In order to improve situational awareness, it is critical to develop a real-time knowledge of the presence, type, and structure of aerosol plumes on the battlefield. Elastic LIDAR s ...

Many municipalities in the United States have begun to use impermeability measurements to incentivize storm water retention as part of the architectural and landscaping design process. These measurements are performed through analysis of high-resolution aerial photography and updated on an annual or semi-annual basis. The practice of using high resolution aerial or even satellite photography is pr ...

The recent COVID-19 world pandemic demonstrates most effectively the urgent need for near real-time detection of ambient airborne pathogens. It has been demonstrated that electrospray ionization, utilized in many mass spectrometers today, has the unique ability to capture bioaerosols non-destructively out of the air for subsequent interrogation. This proposal leverages on this electrospray capture ...

LIDAR is a powerful tool for the measurement and characterization of aerosols in the atmosphere. In battlefield environments, a wide variety of aerosol constituents and plume types are present. Traditional LIDAR analysis methods aim to characterize plumes in well controlled environments with a minimum of atmospheric clutter. To extend the abilities of plume characterization and identification in c ...

The threat of organophosphate (OP) chemical warfare agents (CWA) to United States military personnel is a persistent problem due to the relative ease of manufacturing chemical threats compared to nuclear and biological agents. Human butyrylcholinesterase (HuBChE) has been identified as a probable bio-scavenger of OP CWAs that could be used to protect individuals that could be exposed to OP CWAs. T ...

The decline of coral reefs can be feasibly reversed by introducing coral transplants that are stabilized via adhesion to substrates. An adhesive is under development to safely and economically improve the speed and success rate of stabilizing coral transplants. This adhesive comprises a bioactive inorganic and an organic polymer constituent that function synergistically to enable rapid and control ...

Coral transplantation is a primary management option for rehabilitation of degraded reefs. Stabilization (via adhesion, etc.) of transplants on existing reef or artificial substrates notably improves their survival rate. Improved underwater adhesives are needed for expedient and convenient stabilization of coral transplants with improved survival rate. A new hybrid organic-inorganic adhesive is pr ...

Many people recognize how critical it is to understand our weather, climate, and environment. Educators already use NOAA data and models in working with students and their communities as part of their teaching and outreach. With the exponential growth in data, however, many of them struggle with accessing and managing that data. Evolving data formats and computing requirements make it very challen ...

The threat of organophosphate (OP) chemical warfare agents (CWA) to United States military personnel is a persistent problem due to the relative ease of manufacturing chemical threats compared to nuclear and biological agents. Human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) has been identified as a probable bio-scavenger of OP CWAs that could be used to protect individuals that could be exposed to OP CWAs. The ...

Organophosphorus (OP) toxins and chemical warfare agents (CWA) are active nerve agents posing significant hazard for both soldiers and civilians. Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is a safe and effective bioscavenger that detoxifies OP and CWAs when injected either prophylactically or post-exposure; but a major technical problem has been producing a recombinant form of BChE with acceptable properties f ...