Award Data

Current semiconductor device simulation software adopts Fourier’s law to perform the thermal transport modeling. However, Fourier’s law will become invalid at micro/nano-scale, which can cause a large discrepancy in the thermal and electrical performance between the simulation results and the actual application. To improve the current state-of-the-art, a new semiconductor device simulation sof ...

Air quality data from top-of-the-line platforms, such as satellites, are difficult to obtain without a high- level of technical knowledge. For this reason, local air quality patterns and trends are often inaccessible to disadvantaged communities (DACs). Many technologies that will be used for deep decarbonization of industrial and power facilities have the added co-benefit of reducing non-CO2 poll ...

C53-22c-271119Meeting climate-stabilizing energy transition goals requires using hybrid-energy CO2 capture systems like Direct Air Capture (DAC) to remove billions of tonnes of CO2 from the atmosphere. Deploying this capacity will be difficult because it is complex and energy intensive infrastructure, and there must also be buy- in from communities living in locations best suited for it. The chall ...

C49-18a-271181The need for high-temperature furnaces for neutron scattering experiments has been increasing considerably. One of the major limiting factors of these furnaces is the cooling rate. Currently, the vacuum furnace relies on radiation to dissipate heat and takes at least 2 hours to cool the furnace low enough to safely open for a sample change. This results in significant limitations of ...

The ability to navigate complex, dense X-ray images with occluded objects and superposition of potential threats presents a significant challenge for air cargo screeners.Explosive detection and threat interdiction is also challenging due to the varied ways threat actors conceal and disguise illicit activity.These factors work to reduce screening efficiency and throughput, as skids must be broken d ...

Dynamic Line Ratings (DLRs) can dramatically increase transmission line current capacity, allowing increased renewable energy penetration, decreased line congestion, and prevention of line construction. However, DLR implementation highly depends on unmeasured local line wind, solar irradiation, and line conditions. Today these conditions are only modeled or measured at isolated locations along a s ...

The United States is seeing a growing trend of increasing power management needs with the growing use of the electric grid across the states. A typical power management system that can be locally operated or commercially operated are Distributed Energy Resources which work across solar panel systems, wind turbines, combined heat and power systems, energy storages, and micro-hydro systems. With the ...

Hydropower facilities are under constant exposure to extreme moisture conditions. When metal components such as gates and penstocks are exposed to water they experience rusting, corrosion and ultimately parts failure. Coatings are the primary method to prevent corrosion of metal systems, they act as a barrier preventing moisture from contacting metal surface. New coating systems are required to de ...

In the United States, transportation is the leading source of emissions among major industries. This puts pressure on cities to optimize transportation infrastructures to meet decarbonization goals. City planners are required to ingest data from a variety of sources and balance a wide array of priorities ranging from mobility and equality to safety and sustainability. Making decisions for optimal ...

C56-18j-273158One of the main challenges to the large-scale commercialization of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells for high power applications is the faster protective coating of the component bipolar plates. Applications such as large trucks, buses, and marine vehicles require long term durability. The bipolar plates need to be corrosion resistant under thermal cycling over the fuel cell lifeti ...