Award Data

Although fluorescent and incandescent lighting consumes >50% of the lighting energy budget, they are relatively inefficient, losing ~37% and 85%, respectively, of their energy to the IR. Thus, phosphors that could efficiently up-convert IR radiation to visible light would have a significant impact on lamp efficiency and design. This project will develop technology to increase the efficiency of u ...

Further development of rechargeable lithium batteries requires dramatic improvement of the ionically conducting electrolyte used in the batteries. Most of the limitations of current lithium-ion batteries are due to restrictions imposed by the general use of organic electrolytes, either liquid or polymer, that limit energy density, long term cycle life, and the rate of charge/discharge capability ...

Stochastic parameterization of large scale models is becoming an important tool for evaluating climate predictability and for enabling accurate representation of effects of micro-scale and short time physics on long time climate statistics. The models currently used to evaluate climate risk do not incorporate these stochastic effects, but represent multi-year development and collaboration between ...

Voxtel has demonstrated efficient high-speed photon counting with thresholded linear-mode avalanche photodiode (APD) receivers using multi-gain-stage InGaAs/InAIAs APDs. In contrast to Geiger APDs, thresholded photon-counting linear APD receivers are thought not to suffer afterpulsing, and can support maximum count rates (MCR) up to 2 or 3 orders of magnitude faster than Geiger APDs. However, the ...

Grid computing, the application of many loosely-coupled computers in federation to provide shared resources makes significant compute or storage capabilities accessible to distributed teams of researchers. In doing so, it also poses a challenge: How do distributed teams collaborate effectively with these resources? This project will determine how best to apply social and collaboration software ...

90087S09-II Expanding user demand for X-ray beamline time for science experiments in diverse fields necessitates expensive new beamlines, or the more efficient use of existing resources. Detectors that collect more data, with efficient on-chip and off-chip processing of the resulting data streams, represent the most economical solution to this problem. The innovation is addressing the need for s ...

A back-illuminated planar InGaAs photodiode tested to have 95% quantum effiiency (QE) at 1550 nm, area greater than 1 mm2, low capacitance (125 MHz) will be improved. Although the existing Phase I device exhibited bulk material dark current generation better than commercially available devices, the sidewall-generated dark current was found to dominate the noise equiva ...

Even today as a highly technical and advanced world civilization, the physiology of deep sea fish and invertebrates continues to remain mysterious and poorly known. Past specimen containers fail to either have the size or volume needed or lack the robustness for high pressure containment of in many cases, lack the repeatability necessary to ensure a reasonable lifetime of continuous use. The Tec ...

Renewable energy and energy storage both play a very important part in the emerging energy landscape, especially when used in concert. An example of an often-cited ¿ideal situation¿ is one where renewable energy sources, such as solar or wind, generate electricity that can then either be stored in electric vehicle batteries for transportation or in battery energy storage systems for off-grid en ...

Insulation system degradation resulting in component failure represents a significant contribution to reliability and cost issues facing the nuclear power industry. For example, the Electric Power Research Institute found that 37% of motor failures were due to winding failures, many of which involve failure of the insulation system. Although there are a number of visual, tactile or electrical test ...