Award Data

Managing the flow of water, nutrients, and contaminants in watersheds is vital to addressing pressing issues related to water scarcity, access to clean drinking water, energy production, resilience to natural and anthropogenic perturbations, and ecological restoration. Decisions about the management of watersheds critically depend on the accuracy with which the flow of water and chemicals through ...

The Neutron Spin Echo (NSE) method has provided unique information about the dynamics of soft materials, including confirmation of the de Gennes model of polymer reptation, and quantitative measurement of the bending moduli of various membranes. In almost all cases these measurements have been made at small neutron scattering angles, where structural correlations with length scales between 10 nm a ...

One of grand challenges in nanoscience and nanotechnology is to achieve fundamental under- standing of the dynamic evolution of materials in actual operating environment, non-equilibrium conditions, or undergoing chemical reactions at the nanoscale. This requires forefront advances in imaging and analysis techniques that combine nanometer-scale spatial resolution, optical excitation and spectrosco ...

DOE seeks innovative embedded sensing to enhance control of industrial gas turbines (GTs). Although advanced sensor technology has been demonstrated in development turbine systems, the vast majority of sensors do not meet the requirements for deployment to production turbines. This prevents optimization of control using real-time, in situ sensor data. Combined-cycle plant operation brings clear pl ...

One of the major hurdles to the commercialization of OLED lighting technology is its low light extraction efficiency when compared to inorganic LEDs. Currently only ~ 30% of the light produced by the OLED can be extracted. In order to be considered as a commercially viable option, OLED efficacy has to improve dramatically. The mismatch between the refractive indices among the active layer, transpa ...

HPC systems should not be used to carry out cybercrimes or execute improper jobs. Existing defense solutions such as fingerprint-based approaches require real-time data collection, which inevitably impacts the performance of HPC. Moreover, those solutions are ineffective against adversarial scenarios where malicious users intend to hide their behavior patterns. Hence, it is essential to build ligh ...

Network operators, both within and without the Federal Government, gather a large amount of data about their networks using sophisticated collection tools. In particular, the Department of Energy operates many heavily-trafficked networks, and has done an excellent job implementing processes and developing applications which collect significant amounts of network measurement data.Unfortunately, dat ...

Additive manufacturing (AM), esp. laser AM, becomes a powerful tool to replace conventional methods such as casting and hot spray, due to its cost effectiveness and capability of making complex structure and composition. However, direct metal melting of high temperature materials and fabrication of corrosion resistant multi-material parts (such as 9Cr1Mo steel - 12Cr2Si steel bimetallic structures ...

The over-arching goal of this SBIR project is to offer Vorcat, Inc.'s ("Vorcat") breakthrough Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technology in a High Performance Computing (HPC) cloud environment so as to extend its current reach and foster adoption. The cloud app(s) proposed here addresses the problem of advancing current capabilities for designing next generation automotive and wind-turbine tech ...

A key goal of bioenergy research is largely focused on converting low-energy, photosynthetically-generated plant sugars to high-value, high-energy bio-chemicals and biofuel products. Biofuel precursors are generated via cellular processes that occur on the microscopic scale, but currently available analytical instrumentation does not provide the ability to adequately probe critical biochemical pro ...