Award Data

Atmospheric aerosol plays an important role in climate and climate change, reduced visibility in urban areas, heterogeneous atmospheric reactions, and acid rain production. Fine aerosol from combustion sources is believed to be an important risk factor for cardiopulmonary disease and mortality. The Phase I objective is to examine the feasibility of producing an inexpensive, compact, robust laser-b ...

Discrete-event simulation is used by thousands of companies to design new manufacturing systems and to improve the performance of existing ones. Manufacturing systems contain numerous sources of randomness such as machine times to failure and machine repair times, which greatly impact on system performance. If each source of system randomness is not modeled by an appropriate probability distr ...

A COMPUTER-BASED MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM (MCS) PROGRAMMED WITH A NUMBER OF NEURAL NETWORKS IS PROPOSED FOR OPERATIONAL CONTROL OF AN EXISTING SEMI-CLOSED TANK SYSTEM FOR INTENSIVE AQUACULTURAL PRODUCTION OF SESSILE MARINE INVERTEBRATES FOR THEIR HIGH-VALUED METABOLITES FOR NEW MARINE PHARMACEUTICALS. THE AQUACULTURE SYSTEM WILL BE TESTED FOR CULTURE OF THE COLONIAL BRYOZOAN BUGULA NERITINA T ...

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LABORATORY TESTS OF A PORTION OF THE EC&C TECHNOLOGIES COMBINED NOX/SOX/PARTICULATE REMOVAL SYSTEM ARE PROPOSED. THE LABORATORY TESTS ARE FOR OPTIMIZATION OF DESIGN AND OPERATING PARAMETERS. THE PROPOSED INTEGRATED SEQUENTIAL TREATMENT SYSTEM IS EXPECTED TO OBTAIN ULTRA HIGH REMOVAL EFFICIENCIES INCLUDING CONTROL OF NOX/SOX/PARTICULATE MATTER FROM COAL FIRED BOILER FLUE GAS WITH IMPROVED ECONOMICS ...

SILICON PHOTODIODES WITH STABLE, THEORETICALLY PREDICTABLE QUANTUM EFFICIENCY IN THE XUV SPECTRAL RANGE HAVE BEEN RECENTLY DEVELOPED BY RAJ KORDE AND SCIENTISTS AT NIST. SCIENTISTS AT BESSY AND PTB IN GERMANY HAVE INDEPENDENTLY CONFIRMED THAT THE CALCULATED QUANTUM EFFICIENCY OF THESE XUV SILICON DIODES CAN BE USED FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INDEPENDENT RESPONSIVITY SCALE IN THE XUV SPECTRAL RANG ...

WE HAVE RECENTLY DEVELOPED SILICON P-N JUNCTION PHOTODIODES WITH STABLE, THEORETICALLY PREDICTABLE QUANTUM EFFICIENCIES (QE) IN THE VACUUM ULTRAVIOLET TO SOFT X-RAY (XUV) SPECTRAL REGION. ALTHOUGH, THE XUV PHOTODIODES ARE STABLE OVER MOST OF THE SOFT X-RAY SPECTRAL RANGE, THEIR QE WAS FOUND TO DEGRADE BY A PERCENT AFTER EXPOSURE TO 10(14)/CM(2) FLUENCE OF 120 NM PHOTONS. THE QE DEGRADATION HAS BEE ...

In Phase I of the SBIR program, LEEOAT company will develop and optimize the conceptual design and the fabrication process of the far ultraviolet focal-plane-array detector and readout system. Additionally, we will theoretically model the detector and readout system and reduce-to-practice the crucial elements of the innovation. We will estimate the cost/effort for the fabrication and testing ...

SULFUR DIOXIDE AND NITROGEN OXIDES ARE THE CHIEF PRECURSORS OF ACID RAIN, AND THEIR CONTINUED EMISSION INTO THE ATMOSPHERE HAS BECOME A GLOBAL CONCERN. IT IS ESTIMATED THAT 23.4 MILLION TONS ARE EMITTED FROM INDUSTRIAL PROCESSESYEARLY, MAINLY FROM NONFERROUS METAL SMELTING OPERATIONS. NONFERROUS METALS, INCLUDING COPPER, NICKEL, ZINC, LEAD, AND MOLYBDENUM, ARE MINED AS METAL SULFIDES, AND THE META ...

The oxo process is an important method of converting inexpensive olefins into valuable oxygenated building blocks. As a result, almost 10 million tons of oxo chemicals are synthesized annually worldwide. All oxo plants produce a reactor purge gas stream that contains 1-2 percent of the feedstocks entering the reactor. This purge gas usually is flared, and the residual feedstocks are lost. Membrane ...