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POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY IS A NONINVASIVE NUCLEAR IMAGING TECHNIQUE WHICH IS BECOMING AN IMPORTANT FUNDAMENTAL TOOL FOR BOTH CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS AND MEDICAL RESEARCH. THE HEART OF THIS INSTRUMENT IS A LARGE ARRAY OF SCINTILLATOR-PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBE DETECTORS. THE AVAILABILITY OF A COMPACT SOLID STATE SENSOR TO REPLACE THE VACUUM TUBE DETECTORS IN THIS ARRAY WOULD SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE THE SIZE ...

A HIGH QUALITY, PICOSECOND EXCIMER LASER IS THE KEY ELEMENT IN SEVERAL HIGHLY PROMISING SCHEMES FOR THE GENERATION OF COHERENT HIGH SPECTRAL BRIGHTNESS RADIATION IN THE EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET AND SOFT X-RAY SPECTRAL REGIONS. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE PROPOSED PHASE I RESEARCH PROGRAM IS TO QUANTIFY THE KEY FACTORS WHICH DETERMINE PERFORMANCE, COMPLEXITY, AND COST OF SUCH AN EXCIMER LASER SYSTEM. THE PHASE ...

TRANSMISSION LINE DESIGN IS OFTEN GOVERNED BY THE NEED TO RESIST THE HIGH LONGITUDINAL LOADS IMPOSED BY A LINE BREAK. THIS RARE EVENT REQUIRES TOWERS MUCH STRONGER (AND MORE COSTLY) THAN NEEDED FOR NORMAL SERVICE. FURTHER, FAILURE TO RESIST A LINE BREAK CAN LEAD TO EXTREMELY COSTLY "ZIPPER" TYPE MULTI-TOWER FAILURES. THIS PROJECT WILL PRODUCE A FEASIBILITY DESIGN WITH BACKUP SYSTEMS ANALYSIS OF A ...

THIS PROJECT WILL ASSESS THE FEASIBILITY OF ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCE OF TOROIDAL DEVICES FOR MAGNETIC CONFINEMENT OF FUSION PLASMAS BY USING HIGH-BETA, HOT-ELECTRON, SURFACE- LAYER PLASMAS. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS ENHANCEMENT IS TO PERMIT STABLE OPERATION AT SUBSTANTIALLY HIGHER VALUES OF BETA THAN CAN BE ACHIEVED WITHOUT THE HOT-ELECTRON LAYER. IN PARTICULAR, THIS WORK WILL ADDRESS KEY QUESTIONS R ...

INCREASINGLY SERIOUS PROBLEMS ARE OCCURRING IN THE SUPPLY OF CARBON FOILS FOR USE IN HIGH ENERGY ACCELERATORS, WHERE THE FOILS ARE USED FOR INSTANCE TO CONVERT NEGATIVE HYDROGENIONS INTO PROTONS. WE ARE THE MAJOR U.S. SOURCE OF THESE FOILS. WE PRESENTLY SUPPLY THEM TO BROOKHAVEN, BERKELEY, LIVERMORE, ARGONNE, AND HAVE PREVIOUSLY SOLD THEM TO FERMILAB. NOW WE HAVE BEEN ASKED TO PROVIDE THEM FOR THE ...

A MAJOR BARRIER TO EXTENDING THE BURNUP OF LIGHT WATER REACTOR FUEL IS THE BUILDUP OF FISSION PRODUCTS IN THE REACTOR COOLANT, WHICH MAY APPROACH PLANT CHEMISTRY OR EFFLUENTS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS NEAR THE END OF CORE LIFE. IT IS PROPOSED TO USE CURRENTLY INSTALLED AUTOMATED ISOTOPIC REACTOR COOLANT ASSAY SYSTEMS AT UP TO FOUR OPERATING NUCLEAR POWER REACTORS TO EXPLORE THE RELATIONSHIPBETWEEN ...

WE PROPOSE THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUE, SPUTTER-INITIATED RESONANCE IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY (SIRIS) FOR THE SINGLE-ATOM DETECTION OF ISOTOPES OF TECHNETIUM. THIS TECHNIQUE IS TO BE USED IN A STUDY RECENTLY PROPOSED BY G.A. COWAN AND W.C. HAXTON TO DETERMINE THE BORON-8 COMPONENT OF THE SOLAR NEUTRINO FLUX. IN SIRIS, AN ARGON ION BEAM SPUTTERS A SMALL QUANTITY OF SOLID SAMPLE INTO ...

LIQUID AND GASEOUS FUELS PRODUCED FROM COAL OR SHALE OIL, I.E., "SYNTHETIC" FUELS, WILL BE MAJOR SUBSTITUTES IN THE FUTURE FOR THE DIMINISHING SUPPLY OF PETROLEUM-BASED FUELS. A SIGNIFICANT PROBLEM IN THE PRODUCTION OF SYNFUELS IS THE GENERATION OF LARGE VOLUMES OF AQUEOUS WASTES, CLASSIFIED ASPROCESS CONDENSATES. THESE CONTAIN ORGANIC AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS THAT CAN ONLY BE REMOVED BY A SERIES O ...

ACID GAS REMOVAL BY CONVENTIONAL ABSORPTION PRODESSES IS AN EXPENSIVE STEP IN THE PRODUCTION OF CLEAN FUELS FROM BOTH LOW- AND HIGH-BTU COAL GASES. MEMBRANE PROCESSES FOR ACID GAS SCRUBBING ARE COMPARATIVELY SIMPLE AND ECONOMICAL. HOWEVER, CONVENTIONAL POLYMERIC MEMBRANES LACK THE REQUIRED PERMEABILITY AND SELECTIVITY. IMMOBILIZED LIQUID MEMBRANES ARE MUCH MORE PERMEABLE AND SELECTIVE, BUT THEY CA ...

THIS PROPOSAL WILL CONCENTRATE ON MAKING A SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO PROVING THE TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY OF MULTI-ZONE SUNLIGHT "DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS" USING A MULTI-AXIS SUNTRACKER. THE MULTI-AXIS SUNTRACKER ACTIVE SOLAR OPTIC SYSTEM, TO BE USED AS A SUNLIGHT DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR THE DISTRIBUTION NETWORK, WAS DESIGNED BASED ON GUIDELINES SET OUT BY THIS PROPOSER, AND IS OPERATIONAL AT THIS TIME, DE ...