Award Data

A STEP TOWARD BEING NUMBER ONE IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE EDUCATION BY THE YEAR 2000 (AMERICA 2000 GOAL) AND MAINTAINING REASONABLE SCHOOL BUDGETS CAN BE MADE BY INTRODUCING A LOW COST SYSTEM WHICH WILL BRING THE STATE-OF-THE-ART TECHNOLOGY INTO THE HIGH SCHOOL LABORATORY. THE PLANNED LABORATORY WORKSTATION ADDRESSES THIS NEED, BY TAKING THE STATE OF THE ART TOOLS AVAILABLE FOR RESEARCHERS AND INT ...

STATIONARY SOURCES IN THE U.S. EMIT ABOUT ONE MILLION KG OF MERCURY INTO THE ATMOSPHERE ANNUALLY. MAJOR SOURCES OF THESE EMISSONS ARE FOSIL FUEL COMBUSTIONFACILITIES ANE MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INCINERATORS. MUCH WORK IS BEING DONE BY DOE AND INDUSTRY TO CHARACTERIZE THESE EMISSIONS AND TO DEVELOP EFFECTIVE CONTROL MEASURES. CONTINUOUS EMISSIONS MONITORS (CEMS) FOR MERCURY WILL PLAY A SIGNIFCANT ROL ...

IMPROVED FABRIC FILTER PERFORMANCE FOR BOTH THE COLLECTION OF FINE PARTICULATE MATTER (PARTICLES LESS THAN 10 MICRONS) AND TOXIC METAL EMISSIONS FROM FLUEGASES IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE MOST OF THE TOXIC METALS ARE CONCENTRATED IN THIS SIZE RANGE, FINE PARTICLES ARE RESPIRABLE AND THEREFORE POSE A HEALTH RISK, AND FINE PARTICLES ARE EFFECTIVE LIGHT SCATTERERS AND LEAD TO HIGH OPACITY LEVELS. IT IS PLAN ...

ADVANCED BATTERIES BASED ON LITHIUM METAL SULFIDE CELL TECHNOLOGY ARE UNDER CONSIDERATION FOR APPLICATIONS SUCH AS THE ELECTRIC VEHICLE,PRIMARILY DUE TO THEIR HIGH ENERGY DENSITY CAPABILITIES. HOWEVER, CURRENTLY AVAILABLE MATERIALS LIMIT THE RELIABILITY OF THIS BATTERY TECHNOLOGY FOR LONG-TERM USE. IN PARTICULAR, THE CONTAINMENT OF THE ELECTROLYTE BY AN INERT SEPARATOR MATERIAL IS A DESIGN-LIMITIN ...

NUMEROUS PROCESSES ARE BEING DEVELOPED FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF ADVANCE COMPOSITES WHICH INCORPORATE CERAMICS, POLYMERS, METALS AND/OR METAL ALLOYS. THE SUCCESS OF THESE MANUFACTURING PROCESSES IS CRITICALLY DEPENDENT ON THE ABILITY TO BOTH MONITOR AND CONTROL THE PROCESSING CONDITIONS. OF PARTICULAR INTEREST IS THE DEVELOPMENT OF POWDERED METALS AS A SOURCE MATERIAL FOR A VARIETY OF METAL FORMING ...

AN INSTRUMENT CAPABLE OF MAKING ON-LINE, IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS OF RESIDUAL CARBON CONTENT IN FLYASH WOULD BE A VALUABLE ASSET IN THE OPTIMIZATION OF POWER PLANT EFFICIENCY AND IN ACHIEVING POLLUTION CONTROL GOALS. CURRENT INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE TO MEASURE RESIDUAL CARBON FLY ASH ARE BASED ON EXTRACTIVE POINT SAMPLES. MEASUREMENTS OF THIS TYPE ARE RELATIVELY SLOW, ARE PRONE TO INACCURACIES, AND REQUI ...

LIGNIN IS THE MOST ABUNDANT RENEWABLE AROMATIC POLYMER. GIVEN THE RELATIVELY LOW COST, HIGH ABUNDANCE, AND RENEWABLE NATURE OF THIS RESOURCE, IT IS NOT SURPRISING THAT MANY ATTEMPTS HAVE BEEN MADE TO DEVELOP HIGHER VALUE PRODUCTS FROM LIGNIN. CARBON MATERIALS HAVE A MUCH HIGHER ADDED VALUE THAN ALMOST ANY OTHER PRODUCT WHICH CAN BE PRODUCED FROM LIGNIN. THIS PHASE I PROJECT SUGGESTS THAT AN APPROP ...

CONVENTIONAL METHODS OF INFRARED (IR) SPECTROSCOPY FOR ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL SPECIES ARE LIMITED TO OFF-LINE INSTRUMENTS. THE APPLICATIONS OF A NEW, SMART-DETECTOR DESIGN FOR IR SPECTRAL RESOLUTION IS PLANNED. THIS INNOVATION ACCOMPLISHES SPECTRAL RESOLUTION OF IR DIRECTLY ON THE DETECTOR CHIP ASSEMBLY, AND ALLOWS SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OVER A VERY WIDE WAVELENGTH RANGE, LIMITED ONLY BY THE CHOICE OF OP ...

ROBOTS ARE BECOMING INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT THROUGHOUT THE NUCLEAR INDUSTRY. THEY ARE COMMONLY USED TO IMPROVE OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE, LOWER OPERATING COSTS, ENHANCE WORKER SAFETY, AND REDUCE RADIATION EXPOSURE TO WORKERS. HOWEVER, THE CAPABILITIES OF EXISTING ROBOTS ARE LIMITEDBY THE SYSTEMS USED TO SENSE THEIR SURROUNDINGS. ALTHOUGH EXISTING ROBOTS OFTEN HAVE VISUAL IMAGING SYSTEMS AND NUCLEA ...

THE STRENGTHENING OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTING (HTS)COMPOSITE WIRES WITH OXIDE DISPERSION STRENGTHENED (ODS) SILVER IS THE SUBJECT OF THIS PROJECT. STATE-OF-THE-ART HTS COMPOSITE WIRES CONSIST OF CERAMIC SUPERCONDUCTOR FILAMENTS ENCASED IN A SILVER (AG) SHEATH. FOR REASONS OF CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY AND OXYGEN PERMEABILITY, SILVER IS THE ONLY MATERIAL THAT CAN BE USED TO SHEATH THE HTS. HOWE ...