Award Data

IT HAS BEEN DETERMINED IN BENCH SCALE AND PILOT SCALE COAL LIQUEFACTION EXPERIMENTS THAT A PRETREATMENT AT MODERATE TEMPERATURES PRIOR TO LIQUEFACTION CAN SUBSTANTIALLY IMPROVELIQUEFACTION YIELDS AND QUALITY. HOWEVER, THERE IS LITTLE BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROCESSES THAT GIVE RISE TO THE OBSERVED PHENOMENA. THIS PROJECT SUGGESTS THE IDENTIFICATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE PRELIQUEFACTION CHEMIS ...

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THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH-FIELD MAGNETS USED IN MAGNETIC CONFINEMENT FUSION APPARATUS HAVE BECOME EXCEEDINGLY COMPLICATED. IN THE VERY HIGH-FIELD, ELECTRO-MAGNET SYSTEMS USED FOR THESE DEVICES, SPACE IS AT A PREMIUM, AND FOR INNER- FIELD WINDINGS, CONNECTORS WITH LOW-PROFILE ARE NEEDED. ADVANCED FUSION SYSTEMS WILL EMPLOY SUPER- CONDUCTING MAGNETS AND THESE, ALSO, POSE DIFFICULT ...

78363S In order to perform physics experiments with higher energy collisions, more energy and luminosity will be required. More luminosity means larger apertures and bigger magnets. In turn, the development of high field magnets will require higher performance, lower cost Nb3Sn superconductors. This project will develop and demonstrate an economical powder-in-tube (PIT) Nb3Sn process for use i ...

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78072S III-V nitride-based, high brightness, UV and visible light emitting diodes (LEDs) are of a great interest for general illumination, but the low light output efficiencies of current high brightness LEDs are still inadequate. A key material issue preventing the achievement of higher light output efficiency in LEDs is the poor crystalline quality of the nitride epitaxial layers that result fr ...

79758B Safety concerns over the susceptibility of large Li-ion cells to thermal runaway during overcharge are one of the problems preventing the commercialization of these cells. This problem will be addressed by developing new materials that will be substituted for the cell component believed to be involved in the runaway process. In particular, electrolyte systems that form less a resistive i ...

79758B Safety concerns over the susceptibility of large Li-ion cells to thermal runaway during overcharge are one of the problems preventing the commercialization of these cells. This problem will be addressed by developing new materials that will be substituted for the cell component believed to be involved in the runaway process. In particular, electrolyte systems that form less a resistive i ...

FUTURE ACCELERATORS CONSTRUCTED FOR THE HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS PROGRAM WILL BE VERY LARGE; THE PROPOSED SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER (SSC) WILL HAVE A CIRCUMFERENCE BETWEEN 90 AND 140 KM. THE SIZE AND COMPLEXITY OF THESE LARGE MACHINES CAN BE REDUCED IF HIGHER MAGNETIC FIELD AND HIGHER CRITICAL TEMPERATURE DIPOLE MAGNETS CAN BE DEVELOPED. DIPOLE MAGNET DESIGNERS ARE SEARCHING FOR HIGHER CRITICAL CU ...

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