Award Data

High brightness and high average power Free Electron Lasers known as x-ray FELs, developed by DOE, are intently desired by the scientific community for their unique capabilities and for the opportunities they enable in the medical and biological sciences, such as imaging biological molecules or chemical reactions. Beam optics codes (particularly Particle-in-Cell codes) couple non-uniformity and su ...

The detection of individual photons, charged particles, neutrons, and atoms and molecules is the basis of a wide range of commercial and scientific applications, including medical imaging and diagnostics, mass spectroscopy, radiation scanners, reactor monitoring, and many scientific disciplines involving imaging such as nuclear, high-energy, and astro-physics. In many of these applications the tim ...

Tomographic reconstructions with insufficient data, such as the projections scanned with inadequate angular range or contaminated with noise, are often confronted for transmission electron microscopy and full-field transmission X-ray microscopy. Iterative reconstructions can provide a viable solution by numerical optimization with a cost of intensive computational overhead. Al ...

Transmission electron microscopy is one of the primary tools for biological and materials characterization and has many important research applications. However, there is an overarching need to simultaneously improve both its spatial and temporal resolutions, beyond currently available technology, to study physical processes near atomic scales. Technical Approach RadiaBeam Technologies and UCLA pr ...

The new purity requirements SAE J7219, ISO 14687-2 and ISO 14687 (Table I and Figure 1 below) place a three orders of magnitude increase on the accuracy of the instrumentation that is necessary to detect these extremely low levels of several critical contaminants. The design and verification of the conceptual approach of a cost-effective and reliable instrument that can sample the hydrogen at the ...

As the world population increases and global GDP rises, the demand for energy is projected to increase dramatically. Fossil fuels are currently a leading energy source, approximately 50% of which is imported from foreign sources. A domestically produced, renewable energy source is needed to ensure the energy security of the United States. One source of domestic potential energy currently under- ...

The near-field Campanile probe offer an unique solution to explore the behavior of matter at the nanometer scale by simultaneously imaging the physicochemical properties and the local morphology of materials. However, the fabrication of these revolutionary tips is complex and expensive with poor reproducibility, all of which prohibits any commercialization. Statement of How this Problem or Situati ...

Photoinjectors are used at the majority of high-brightness electron linacs today, due to their efficiency, timing structure flexibility and ability to produce high power, high brightness beams. Photocathodes for these sources are not available through industry and facilities around the world are required to expend significant manpower and money to achieve a workable, albeit often non-ideal, compro ...

The objective of the proposed project is to develop the next generation of the low cost, high energy and high power solid state rechargeable lithium battery using a low cost enabling solid state electrolyte and protected lithium metal electrode developed by University of California in San Diego for use in the plug-in hybrid vehicle and electric vehicle. The advantages of the proposed solid state ...

This SBIR/STTR project targets the development of a technology for segregating fuel-based contaminants char and ash) from oxygen carrier material in the context of chemical looping combustion application. In chemical looping, the well-mixed solids that flow from the fuel reactor consisting of char, ash, and oxygen carrier particles cannot be completely separated into their constituents before they ...