Award Data

The emergence of big data gathering experiments in microscopy has created new challenges in maintaining standards for scientific integrity and reproducibility. The diversity of data, available microscope modalities, and larger number of collaborators increase the complexity of scientific asset management for evolving experiments. Recently developed scientific asset management software addresses th ...

Although phosphate is a critical nutrient involved in estuarine productivity, it is also a well-known contaminant of surface and ground water. This contamination can have significant effects in sensitive areas such as the terrestrial aquatic interfaces (TAIs) where the flux of nutrients can change over a relatively short period of time leading to hypoxia and the formation of harmful algal blooms. ...

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For the past 40 years a technique called neutron spin echo (NSE) has been used to probe molecular motions in such non-crystalline materials over time scales from 10’s of picoseconds to 100’s of nanoseconds. The method has provided unique information about the dynamics of soft heterogeneous materials, including confirmation of the de Gennes model of polymer reptation and quantitative measuremen ...

Grid-tied energy storage systems provide stabilization to the electric grid that is necessary to accommodate the growing percentage of electricity generated by intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. Existing conversion systems between the storage media and the utility lines are large, costly and only 95%-98% energy efficient. In this ARPA-E project, Opcondys, Inc. will build ...

Network security is a key issue for the successful implementation of the ESnet and the collaborative/grid environment for DOE science. As identified by DOE, network security includes self-defensive networks, firewall compatibility across different domains, and user authentication and authorization. Of particular interest is defense against worms, a highly problematic and dangerous threat because ...

79139S In power electronic conversion systems(PCS), wide band gap devices, such as silicon carbide (SiC), offer the promise of vastly exceeding the constraining restrictions of silicon by offering higher blocking voltages, higher operating temperatures, higher frequency, and lower switching losses compared to other, more conventional devices. These performance increases all directly translate to ...

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HIGH THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY CARBON-CARBON COMPOSITES ARE CANDIDATES FOR THE FIRST WALL OF THE INTERNATIONAL THERMONUCLEAR EXPERIMENTAL REACTOR (ITER). HOWEVER, CARBON-CARBON COMPOSITES HAVE RELATIVELY HIGH EROSION RATES CAUSED BY HYDROGEN BOMBARDMENT WHEN THE PLASMA DISRUPTS. SUCH EROSION MAY REQUIRE FREQUENT REPLACEMENT OF THE FIRST WALL PANELS AND TILES, SERIOUSLY REDUCING THE DUTY FACTOR OF THE R ...

The production of industrial chemicals using microbes and renewable bio-based feedstocks is advantageous for many reasons. Yet, when microbes use bio-based feedstocks (sugars, glycerol, or other feedstocks) to make more reduced chemicals, deoxygenation most often occurs via the loss of ~33% of the carbon that is present in the sugar as carbon dioxide (CO2), limiting the maximum achievable theoreti ...