Award Data

The U.S. demand for chlorinated hydrocarbons exceeds 15 million tons annually. The production of these chemicals requires chlorine (Cl2) and produces HCl as an unavoidable by-product. Stringent environmental regulations limit the shipment of hazardous wastes like HCl, and the disposal of HCl by neutralization is costly. A consortium of 15 companies is developing an in-process recycling system t ...

Drinking water filtration plants nationwide are failing to adequately reduce the public health risk due to exposure to sometimes lethal Cryptosporidium and other microbial particle levels. New regulations also will require reduction of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to minimize the risk from potentially carcinogenic reaction by-products resulting from disinfection. Particle and DBP precursors ar ...

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Because they seek out and bind only to specific cells, monoclonal antibodies represent a powerful method for selectively carrying radionuclides to cancerous cells. Current techniques for attaching radionuclides to monoclonal antibodies rely on metal ion chelates. These often lack sufficient stability, and the radionuclide may be released by in vivo chemical processes or by the compounds that enca ...

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Diabetic foot ulcers account for 55,000 amputations per year and are the leading cause of diabetic patient hospitalizations. Treatment requires off-weighting of the foot through bed rest, wheelchair, crutches, healing sandals, modified shoes, and/or bandaging treatments. Treatment compliance, however, is difficult to maintain since diabetics with peripheral neuropathy do not feel pain in the affec ...

Amino acid are the main components of proteins and are important elementary nutrients for living organisms. They are also valuable synthetic intermediates for the preparation of a large array of biologically active compounds important to the pharmaceutical industry. Examples of drugs based on amino acids are L-DOPA, L-tryptophan, and beta-lactam antibiotics. Unfortunately, typical production met ...