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THE PLANNED WORK IS AN INVESTIGATION OF HIGH ENERGY PERMANENT MAGNET SEPARATOR DESIGNS WHOSE EXPRESS PURPOSE IS TO PROVIDE AN EFFICIENT MEANS FOR SLURRY REACTOR WAX/CATALYST SEPARATION IN THE FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESS USING AN IRON-BASED CATALYST. THESE STUDIES WILL INVOLVE MAGNETIC CIRCUIT MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION AS WELL AS BENCH-TYPE RUNS WITH SLURRY REACTOR WAXES/CATALYSTSO AS TO DETERMINE THE ...

A NOVEL SILICON DEPOSITION PROCESS CAPABLE OF DEPOSITING HIGH QUALITY THIN-FILM SILICON LAYERS ON LOW COST SUPPORTING SUBSTRATES WILL BE INVESTIGATED IN PHASE I. THE SUBSTRATE WILL INCLUDE A REFLECTOR FOR LIGHT TRAPPING. THE PLANNED DEPOSITION PROCESS WILL ALLOW THE FORMATION OF SILICON LAYERS 20 TO 30 MICRONS THICK, OPTIMIZING THE PERFORMANCE OF CRYSTALLINE SILICON AS A SOLAR CELL MATERIAL. TH ...

THE SOLAR CELL APPLICATION OF CRYSTALLINE SILICON THIN-FILM, PHOTOCOLTAIC (PV) TECHNOLOGIES IS CURRENTLY LIMITED BY THE HIGH COST OF THE SILICON RAW MATERIAL. THIS IS A RESULT OF THE CARBOTHERMAL REDUCTION METALLURGICAL PROCESS USED TO CREATE THE SEMICONDUCTOR-GRADE SILICON FROM SILICA. THERE IS A NOVEL ALTERNATIVE ORGANOSILICON CHEMISTRY, BASED ON ALKALINE GLYCOLIC DIGESTION OF SILICA, THAT DOE ...

Bio-ethanol penetration into the marketplace is limited by its cost, making it non-competitive with petroleum-based fuels. Energy consumed during fermentation and distillation steps accounts for 17% of the total cost. Because fermentation is exothermic, the reactor must be cooled to preserve mesophilic microbial viability. Then, the product must then be heated to vaporize the ethanol for purificat ...

REDUCTION OF AUTOMOBILE WEIGHT IS AN IMPORTANT APPROACH TO REDUCING FUEL CONSUMPTION. MAGNESIUM ALLOYS WOULD OFFER THE POTENTIAL FOR SIGNIFICANT WEIGHT REDUCTIONS IF THEY WERE MORE READILY FORMED AND THEIR STIFFNESS COULD BE INCREASED. HIGH STRAIN RATE SUPERPLASTIC FORMING OFFERS A COST EFFECTIVE ROUTE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AUTOMOTIVE COMPONENTS. HOWEVER, TO BE SUPERPLASTIC, MAGNESIUM ALLOYS MU ...

EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE INDICATES THAT SULFUR IN COAL SUPPRESSES DIOXIN FORMATION FROM CHLORINE COMPOUNDS DURING COAL COMBUSTION. THEREFORE, COFIRING COAL WITH HIGH CHLORINE, MUNICIPAL REFUSE DERIVED FUELS (RDF) OR PAPER INDUSTRY WASTES SHOULD BE EFFECTIVE IN SUPPRESSING DIOXIN FORMATION FROM THESE FUELS. SINCE SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2) EMISSIONS MUST ALSO BE CONTROLLED IT ISDESIRABLE TO COMBINE DIOXIN A ...

Many refinery product streams, particularly those from Ultra Low Hydrodesulfurisation units, are prone to haze due to water emulsions. Haze is also problematic for biodiesel production, as hazy fuel cannot be used until the haze settles or is removed, which creates costly scheduling and shipping delays. This project will develop a novel membrane process for the removal of dissolved and dispersed ...

Process intensification methodologies are need for the chemical processes and bioprocesses used in a biorefinery, in order to make the biorefinery a viable commercial alternative to the production of fuels and chemicals. Because the molecular mixing of reactants can enhance reactions, it is a key to process intensification. Significant process inefficiencies can occur (especially with highly react ...

BECAUSE OF MORE STRINGENT SULFUR DIOXIDE EMISSION RESTRICTIONS IMPOSED UNDER THE 1990 CLEAN AIR ACT AMENDMENTS AND THE IMPORTANCE OF RAW COAL COST AND PROCESSING COST, MANY DOMESTIC MINING COMPANIES PRODUCING HIGHER SULFUR CONTENT COALS WILL BE FORCED OUT OF BUSINESS FOR QUALITY AND/OR ECONOMIC REASONS. THIS SITUATION MAY FORCE THE CLOSURE OF MARGINAL OPERATIONS THAT ARE VITAL TO MANY STATE ECONO ...

THE PURPOSE OF THIS RESEARCH PROJECT IS TO DETERMINE THE FEASIBILITY OF MERGING AN EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES (EMS) SIMULATOR WITH GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) IN ORDER TO PRODUCE IEMS(3) (INTELLIGENT EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES SYSTEMS SIMULATOR), A PC-BASED SYSTEM WHICH CAN BE USED FOR BOTH ADDRESSING STRATEGIC PLANNING ISSUES OF EMS SYSTEMS (E.G., SYSTEM CONFIGURATION; VEHICLE LOCATION ...