Award Data

PHASE II TECHNICAL OBJECTIVE The major objective of this Phase II proposal is to establish open source traffic simulation model and software, and to develop application programming interfaces to accommodate future traffic research needs. Objectives will be accomplished by building and demonstrating FOMM, an open source traffic simulation model and software. Furthermore, to accommodate future resea ...

In 2005, commercial and residential Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems represented 518 billion kWh of energy consumption in the United States, which amounts to 8% of the total energy produced that year. In addition, producing this power resulted in the release of 465 MMTCO2e of greenhouse gases. By reducing the energy demand of air conditioning systems, the US can realize a ...

It is well established that prolonged operation at high junction temperatures reduces the lifetime of LEDs, significantly undermining one of the main benefits of LED lighting systems. Despite advances in LED device technology, a significant fraction of the electrical energy input is wasted as heat. Inadequate removal of this heat results in poor optical performance and sort lifespan of LED lighti ...

Industrial hydrogen production relies primarily on natural gas and hydrocarbon feedstocks to drive the various reaction chemistries that lead to hydrogen generation. Carbon dioxide, the ultimate co-product when such feedstocks and processes are employed, necessarily becomes a major contaminant of the generated hydrogen. Thus, carbon dioxide isolation and removal is an important process step in th ...

Ethylene and propylene are major chemical industry raw materials and consume a great deal of energy related to their production. It is estimated that 230 trillion BTU/yr are consumed in olefin/paraffin separations. Significant energy consumption is employed when cryogenically separating ethane from ethylene and propane from propylene. These cryogenic separations are difficult and are both capital ...

New high-efficiency, low-emission, fuel-flexible gas turbine designs will operate at fuel lean conditions near the flame blow-out limit. To maintain high efficiency and flame stability under these conditions, a detailed knowledge of the flame dynamics will be required from both experimental and computational studies. From a computational perspective, accurate turbulent combustion models are requir ...

The overall goal of this Phase II project is to develop a prototype of a thermochemical reactor for the production of syngas (a blend of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) using water and carbon dioxide as the reactants. New materials will also be screened for their ability to reduce the reactor temperature. Syngas is a particularly attractive fuel since it can be used to synthesize liquid fuels and ...

The multipactor effect is a major challenge that is encountered in a number of areas involving high-power radio frequency or microwave systems. Particle accelerator systems associated with high energy physics research are limited by radio frequency window breakdown largely due to multipaction. The multipactor effect is highly dependent on the secondary electron coefficient of the window, which is ...

Many refinery product streams, particularly those from Ultra Low Hydrodesulfurisation units, are prone to haze due to water emulsions. Haze is also problematic for biodiesel production, as hazy fuel cannot be used until the haze settles or is removed, which creates costly scheduling and shipping delays. This project will develop a novel membrane process for the removal of dissolved and dispersed ...

Compared with conventional processes used to produce many oxygenated chemicals, processes based on the selective catalytic oxidation of alkanes to produce oxygenates could yield enormous economic, energy, and environmental benefits. However, commercial development of such processes has been hindered, in part, because the excessive heat released by alkane oxidation causes over-oxidation (burning) ...