Award Data

Per- and polyflouralkyl substances, otherwise known as PFAS, are a large group of chemicals including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). These chemicals have a large variety of uses globally. Remediation of PFAS has gained importance due to their environmental persistence and toxicity. Water treatment methods must combine multiple strategies to be effective, as PF ...

To reach the end user, oil and gas production at the wellhead must be transmitted through the country and distributed to a wide range of customers. This logisticalsystem requires natural gas gathering lines, processing facilities,product storage tanks and Jots of other equipment. What results is air pollution caused by industry losses during these operations and the use of continuous or intermitte ...

Methods for interconversion between cell types (cellular reprogramming) are currently discovered through resource intensive trial and error. Experiments may test a multitude of transcription factors to identify correct combinations that influence cell fate. In addition, reprogramming approaches commonly use stem cell intermediates such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are generated ...

A challenge for Artificial Intelligence recommenders is explaining their reasoning to users. Humans tend to explain concepts with symbolic narratives, which contrasts the way non-symbolic machine learning represents concepts. This research addresses this challenge by grounding the research in the problem of helping transitioning veterans find relevant careers. The developed prototype will provide ...

To reach the end user, oil and gas production at the wellhead must be transmitted through the country and distributed to a wide range of customers. This logistical system requires natural gas gathering lines, processing facilities, product storage tanks and lots of other equipment. What results is air pollution caused by industry losses during these operations and the use of continuous or intermit ...

This EPA SBIR Phase I Research and Development proposal will demonstrate feasibility of reduction in halogenated flame retardant use in polyisocyanurate foams prepared from lignincontent rPET polyols. The study will show whether or not the lignin rPET polyol formulations meet ASTM flame retardancy standards and thus reduce or eliminate the need for halogenated fire retardants (HFRs) in spray foams ...

Methods for interconversion between cell types (cellular reprogramming) are currently discovered through resource intensive trial and error. Experiments may test a multitude of transcription factors to identify correct combinations that influence cell fate. In addition, reprogramming approaches commonly use stem cell intermediates such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are generated ...

This effort will analyze publicly available online communication data, uniquely applying empirical results from the cognitive bias literature, to quantify the impact of cognitive biases on exposure to, use of, and propagation of online information. SoarTech, with its partners, will develop and evaluate methods to identify and measure cognitive biases in online information environments. The team wi ...

Canopus Systems, Inc. proposes a feasibility study and conceptual design of an Environmental Monitoring Microsystem (EMN). This microsystems's front-end will be a modular suite of MicroElectroMechanical (MEMS) sensors which can changed or added-to in order to meet various applications, such as monitoring the health and environmental conditions of missile/weapon systems, measuring the shock/vibrat ...

Lean burn spark engines are a promising technique to further reduce both NOx and hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide (HC/CO) engine emissions. Higher lean burn levels improve HC/CO oxidation while simultaneously reducing NOx formation. The NOx reduction is due to cooler flame temperatures. While the lean burn limit (beyond which combustion is poor) restricts further emission reductions, the use of oxyg ...